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Instruction
JAMB Government 2012
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5851.A governmental system in which constitutional supremacy resides in the center is
AConfederal
BFederal
CUnitary
DParliamentary
Correct Answer: C
In a unitary system, constitutional supremacy resides in the central government. All power is concentrated at the center, and the component units (if any) derive their powers from the central government. In a federal system, power is shared between the center and the units. In a confederation, the units have more power than the center.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5852.A political system which empowers the leader with the ultimate responsibility to execute laws is
Aparliamentarianism
Bpresidentialism
Cdictatorship
Dautocracy
Correct Answer: B
In a presidential system, the president (the leader) has the ultimate responsibility to execute laws. The president is both the head of state and head of government, and is not accountable to the legislature. In a parliamentary system, the prime minister shares executive power with the cabinet. Dictatorship and autocracy are not specific political systems.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5853.A bill is a draft which is awaiting the consideration of the
Aexecutive
Bparty caucus
Clegislature
Djudiciary
Correct Answer: C
A bill is a proposed law (draft) that is presented to the legislature for consideration. It becomes an Act (law) after it is passed by the legislature and assented to by the executive. The executive, party caucus, and judiciary do not consider bills in the same way as the legislature.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5854.The private ownership of the means of production is a feature of
Acapitalism
Bsocialism
Ccommunalism
Dcommunism
Correct Answer: A
Capitalism is an economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production (land, capital, factories) and the pursuit of profit. Socialism and communism involve state ownership. Communalism involves community ownership.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5855.In a feudal system, the two major classes are the serfs and the
Amasses
Bvassals
Clords
Delite
Correct Answer: C
In a feudal system, the two major classes are the lords (who owned the land) and the serfs (who worked the land). The vassals were lords who held land from a higher lord. Masses and elite are general terms not specific to feudalism.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5856.An example of a country with a flexible constitution is
ASouth Africa
BBritain
CBenin Republic
Dthe United States of America
Correct Answer: B
Britain has an unwritten (flexible) constitution. It can be amended by a simple Act of Parliament, unlike a rigid constitution which requires a special procedure. South Africa, Benin Republic, and the United States have written (rigid) constitutions.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5857.The rule of law is negation of
Aequality before the law
Bsupremacy of the law
CLimited power
Dabsolute power
Correct Answer: D
The rule of law is the negation of absolute power. It means that no one is above the law, and government power must be exercised according to the law. Absolute power (arbitrary rule) is the opposite of the rule of law. Equality before the law and supremacy of the law are components of the rule of law.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5858.To ensure the rights and freedom of citizens, the powers of the arms of government must be
Afused
Bincorporated
Cseparated
Dconcentrated
Correct Answer: C
To ensure the rights and freedom of citizens, the powers of the three arms of government (executive, legislature, judiciary) must be separated. This is the doctrine of separation of powers, advocated by Baron de Montesquieu. Fusion or concentration of powers leads to tyranny.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5859.Delegated legislation is made by bodies other than the
Apresident
Bgovernor
Cparliament
Djudiciary
Correct Answer: C
Delegated legislation is law made by bodies other than the parliament (legislature). Parliament delegates law-making power to the executive (ministers, agencies), local councils, and other bodies. The president and governor may be involved in making delegated legislation (e.g., orders-in-council), but the primary law-making body is parliament.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5860.The bringing of a session of a parliament to an end through royal proclamation is known as
Apolitical impasse
Bdissolution of parliament
Cvote of no confidence
Dprorogation of parliament
Correct Answer: D
Prorogation is the bringing of a session of parliament to an end through royal proclamation. It does not dissolve parliament; it only ends the current session. Dissolution ends the life of parliament and is followed by a general election. A vote of no confidence is a motion against the executive.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5861.The right of citizens to participate in the affairs of government of their country is called
Aeconomic right
Bcivil right
Cpolitical right
Dsocial right
Correct Answer: C
The right of citizens to participate in the affairs of government is a political right. Examples include the right to vote, the right to be voted for, and the right to hold public office. Civil rights protect individual freedoms. Economic rights relate to work and property. Social rights relate to welfare and education.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5862.The commission charged with the conduct of federal elections in Nigeria is
ANEC
BFEDECO
CINEC
DNECON
Correct Answer: C
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is charged with the conduct of federal elections in Nigeria. NEC was for the regions. FEDECO was the Federal Electoral Commission (1979-1998). NECON is the National Electoral Commission of Nigeria.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5863.An electoral system in which parties are assigned seats in the parliament commensurate to the number of votes polled is
AAbsolute majority
BSimple majority
Cproportional representation
Dindirect election
Correct Answer: C
Proportional representation is an electoral system in which parties are assigned seats in parliament in proportion to the number of votes they polled. If a party gets 30% of votes, it gets approximately 30% of seats. Absolute majority requires more than 50% of votes. Simple majority requires the highest number of votes.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5864.An intra-party activity for the selection of candidates for elective positions known as
Aprimary election
Bgeneral election
Cmid-term election
Dbye-election
Correct Answer: A
A primary election is an intra-party activity for the selection of candidates for elective positions. It is conducted by political parties to choose their flag bearers. A general election is conducted by the electoral commission. A bye-election fills a vacant seat. A mid-term election is held between general elections.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5865.The primary aim of pressure groups is to
AAttract people's attention
Bprotects the interest of members
Ccaptured political power
Dfight corrupt officials
Correct Answer: B
The primary aim of pressure groups is to protect and promote the interests of their members. They do this by influencing government policies and legislation. Attracting attention is a tactic, not the aim. Capturing political power is the aim of political parties. Fighting corruption is a specific goal of some groups.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5866.Which of the following is used in gauging public opinion?
Aconstitution
Beducational institution
Cmass media
Delectoral college
Correct Answer: C
The mass media (newspapers, radio, television, social media) is used in gauging public opinion. It reflects and shapes public opinion through editorials, news, and opinion polls. A constitution, educational institution, and electoral college are not used for gauging public opinion.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5867.A permanent structure that facilitates continuity and guarantees orderly conduct in governance is
ABureaucracy
Bpublic corporation
Combudsman
Dpolitical party
Correct Answer: A
Bureaucracy (the civil service) is a permanent structure that facilitates continuity and guarantees orderly conduct in governance. It is not affected by changes in government. Public corporations, ombudsman, and political parties do not provide the same level of continuity.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5868.In the Hausa pre-colonial political system, a district was headed by
AA hakimi
Ba dagaci
Can alkali
Da waziri
Correct Answer: A
In the Hausa pre-colonial political system, a district was headed by a Hakimi. A Dagaci headed a village. An Alkali was a judge. A Waziri was the Prime Minister.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5869.Which of the following ensured the practice of democracy in the pre-colonial Yoruba political system?
AChecks and balances
BFusion of power
Cindividual responsibility
Dthe rule of law
Correct Answer: A
The pre-colonial Yoruba political system had checks and balances. The Oba (king) was checked by the Oyomesi (council of chiefs), and the Ogboni cult also served as a check. This ensured that the Oba did not become a tyrant. Fusion of power would lead to tyranny. Individual responsibility is not specific. The rule of law is a modern concept.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5870.Colonization of Africa was mainly motivated by
Asecurity considerations
Beconomic reasons
Creligious reasons
Dcultural factors
Correct Answer: B
The colonization of Africa was mainly motivated by economic reasons. European powers sought raw materials for their industries, markets for their manufactured goods, and outlets for investment. Security considerations, religious reasons, and cultural factors were secondary.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5871.The French colonial system was underlined by the policy of
Aassimilation
Bpaternalism
Csocialism
Dindirect rule
Correct Answer: A
The French colonial system was underlined by the policy of assimilation. The French sought to transform Africans into French citizens by changing their culture and way of life. Paternalism was a feature of British indirect rule. Socialism is an economic system. Indirect rule was used by the British.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5872.Radical nationalism in Nigeria is generally attributed to the influence of
AAminu Kano
BHerbert Macaulay
CNnamdi Azikiwe
DMbonu Ojike
Correct Answer: C
Radical nationalism in Nigeria is generally attributed to the influence of Nnamdi Azikiwe. He was a fiery nationalist who used his newspapers (West African Pilot) to champion independence. Aminu Kano was a radical but not as influential as Azikiwe. Herbert Macaulay was a nationalist but more moderate. Mbonu Ojike was a nationalist but not as prominent.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5873.Two foreigners that directly aroused nationalist feelings among Nigerians are
AEdward Blyden and Payne Jackson
BCasely Hayford and James Horton
CW.E du Boise and H.O Davies
DMarcus Garvey and Casely Hayford
Correct Answer: C
W.E.B. Du Bois and H.O. Davies were two foreigners who directly aroused nationalist feelings among Nigerians. Du Bois was an African-American civil rights activist, and Davies was a Sierra Leonean nationalist. Edward Blyden and Payne Jackson were also influential, but Du Bois and Davies are more commonly cited.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5874.Members of the Senate in Nigeria's First Republic were
AElected directly by the people
BElected by electoral college
CNominated by regional and federal governments
DNominated by the president of the house
Correct Answer: C
Members of the Senate in Nigeria's First Republic were nominated by the regional and federal governments. They were not elected directly by the people. This was one of the criticisms of the First Republic's Senate.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5875.In Nigeria, the agency mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal peace and security is the
AArmy
BNavy
CCivil Defence Corps
DPolice
Correct Answer: D
The Nigeria Police Force is the agency mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal peace and security. The Army is for external defence. The Navy is for maritime defence. The Civil Defence Corps assists in emergency situations.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5876.The National Assembly in Nigeria is primarily responsible for
AExecuting laws
BInterpreting laws
CRatifying appointments
DMaking laws
Correct Answer: D
The National Assembly (the legislature) is primarily responsible for making laws. Executing laws is the function of the executive. Interpreting laws is the function of the judiciary. Ratifying appointments is a secondary function.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5877.The major factor militating against the efficient operation of electoral commissions in Nigeria is
AInadequate public support
BPopulation size
CInadequate skilled manpower
DExcessive political interference
Correct Answer: D
Excessive political interference is the major factor militating against the efficient operation of electoral commissions in Nigeria. Politicians interfere in the recruitment of staff, the conduct of elections, and the announcement of results.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5878.A major objective of the public Complaints Commission is
ATraining and promotion of public servants
BSettlement of disputes among individuals
CAddressing the grievances of individuals and groups
DFighting corruption and indiscipline
Correct Answer: C
The major objective of the Public Complaints Commission (Ombudsman) is to address the grievances of individuals and groups against public officials and institutions. It investigates complaints and recommends remedies.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5879.The three registered political parties at the inception of Nigeria's Fourth Republic were
APDP, DPP and PPA
BPDP, AD and APP
CPDP, AD and PPA
DPDP, APP and AC
Correct Answer: B
The three registered political parties at the inception of Nigeria's Fourth Republic (1999) were the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), the Alliance for Democracy (AD), and the All Peoples Party (APP).
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5880.The Sharia legal system was first introduced in the Fourth Republic in
AKano State
BKatsina State
CZamfara State
DSokoto State
Correct Answer: C
The Sharia legal system was first introduced in the Fourth Republic in Zamfara State in 1999. It was later adopted by other northern states.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5881.Quota system and federal character principles were entrenched in the 1979 constitution to ensure
Aloyalty
BEconomic empowerment
CEquity
DEven development
Correct Answer: C
The quota system and federal character principles were entrenched in the 1979 Constitution to ensure equity (fairness) in the distribution of positions and resources among the different regions and ethnic groups in Nigeria.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5882.Workers in the public corporations are known as
Acivil servants
Bprivate employees
Cpublic servants
Dprofessional employees
Correct Answer: C
Workers in public corporations are known as public servants. Civil servants are workers in the civil service (ministries, departments, agencies). Private employees work in private companies. Professional employees are a category of workers.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5883.The central objective of privatization in Nigeria is to
AReduce the retrenchment of workers
BEncourage prompt payment of salaries
CImprove standard of living
DImprove the efficiency of enterprises
Correct Answer: D
The central objective of privatization in Nigeria is to improve the efficiency of enterprises. Public enterprises are often inefficient due to bureaucratic bottlenecks and political interference. Privatization aims to introduce private sector efficiency.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5884.Military intervention in Nigeria arose from
Aperceived incapability of civilians to govern
Binternational pressure for change
Cthe desire for a military government
Dcivilian's desire to relinquish power
Correct Answer: A
Military intervention in Nigeria arose from the perceived incapability of civilians to govern. The military cited corruption, inefficiency, and political instability as reasons for intervening. International pressure, desire for military government, and civilian desire to relinquish power were not the primary reasons.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5885.The first institution introduced by the military to exercise legislative power was the
Asupreme military council
Barmed forces ruling council
Cfederal executive council
Dnational council of state
Correct Answer: A
The first institution introduced by the military to exercise legislative power was the Supreme Military Council (SMC). It was established after the 1966 coup. The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) came later. The Federal Executive Council is the executive arm. The National Council of State is an advisory body.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5886.The main focus of Nigeria's foreign policy since independence centers on
ASouth-south cooperation
BSub-regionalism
CGlobalism
DAfrocentrism
Correct Answer: D
The main focus of Nigeria's foreign policy since independence has been Afrocentrism — Africa as the centrepiece of Nigeria's foreign policy. This was articulated by Prime Minister Tafawa Balewa and later leaders.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5887.The country that championed decolonization in Africa was
ANigeria
BSouth Africa
CGhana
DKenya
Correct Answer: C
Ghana, under Kwame Nkrumah, championed decolonization in Africa. Nkrumah was a Pan-Africanist who supported liberation movements across the continent. Nigeria also played a role, but Ghana was the pioneer.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5888.A major drawback to the NEPAD initiative is its
AArticulation by few African leaders
BAffiliation by few African union
CInability to empower the youth
DReliance on Western donors for funds
Correct Answer: D
A major drawback to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) is its reliance on Western donors for funds. This undermines the initiative's independence and sustainability.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5889.The structures of the African Union include
Athe court of justice, pan African congress and people's Assembly
Bpan African parliament, the court of justice and the peace and security council
Cspecialized Technical commission, the court of justice and humanitarian board
Dpeople's Assembly, Humanitarian Board and the peace and security council
Correct Answer: B
The structures of the African Union include the Pan-African Parliament, the Court of Justice, and the Peace and Security Council. Other structures include the Assembly of Heads of State, the Executive Council, and the Commission.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5890.ECOMOG at the initial stage of its intervention in Liberia was perceived as
ANeutral
BIncompetent
CPartisan
DInvaders
Correct Answer: C
ECOMOG (ECOWAS Monitoring Group) at the initial stage of its intervention in Liberia was perceived as partisan. It was seen as supporting one faction (Charles Taylor's NPFL) against others. This perception later changed.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5891.One of the programmes binding members of the Commonwealth is the
AFood and aid programme
BCultural programme
CAgenda for peace
DEconomic and social programme
Correct Answer: A
The Commonwealth has various programmes that bind its members, including the Food and Aid Programme, the Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation, and the Commonwealth Youth Programme. (The provided answer A is correct).
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5892.The African leader mostly credited for spearheading the formation of the African Union is
AMuammar Ghaddafi
BAbdelaziz Bouteflika
CAbdoulaye Wade
DThabo Mbeki
Correct Answer: A
Muammar Ghaddafi of Libya is mostly credited for spearheading the formation of the African Union (AU) in 2002. He advocated for a united Africa and provided significant funding for the AU.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5893.As part of the reforms in the UN, two slots were proposed in the Security Council for
AAsia
BAfrica
CAmerica
DEurope
Correct Answer: B
As part of the reforms in the UN, two slots were proposed in the Security Council for Africa. This was based on the need to make the Security Council more representative and to reflect Africa's growing importance in world affairs.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2012
Q5894.The founding members of OPEC are
AAlgeria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
BNigeria, Libya, Iraq and Saudi Arabia
CVenezuela, Nigeria, Libya, Iran and Iraq
DSaudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Venezuela
Correct Answer: D
The founding members of OPEC (1960) are Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Venezuela. Other countries joined later.
Instruction
JAMB Government 2013
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5895.Which Question Paper Type of Government is given to you?
AType D
BType I
CType B
DType U
Correct Answer: D
The question paper type is indicated on the top of your question paper.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5896.Power that is delegated is exercised
ABy devolution
BDirectly
CBy coercion
DIndirect
Correct Answer: A
Delegated power is exercised by devolution. Devolution is the transfer of power from a central government to subnational levels (e.g., regional, local) that have some degree of autonomy. It is different from delegation, which is temporary and revocable. Coercion is the use of force. Indirect exercise of power is not specific to delegation.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5897.De Jure sovereign is acquired through
ALaw
BGrant
CTreaty
DForce
Correct Answer: A
De Jure sovereignty is legal sovereignty, acquired through law. It is the sovereignty recognized by law. De facto sovereignty is acquired through force or actual control. Grant, treaty, and force can also lead to sovereignty, but de jure is specifically legal.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5898.A group of people who live together under a common law within a definite territory is a
ACommunity
BNation-State
CNation
DState
Correct Answer: D
A state is a group of people who live together under a common law within a definite territory. It possesses a government and sovereignty. A community is a smaller social unit. A nation is a group of people with common identity. A nation-state is a state whose citizens are relatively homogeneous.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5899.Political socialization is associated with
AMilitary take-over of civilian government
BThe transmission of political values
CPolitical transition
DFree choice of party programmes
Correct Answer: B
Political socialization is the process of transmitting political values, beliefs, and attitudes from one generation to another. It is how people learn about politics. Military take-over, political transition, and choice of party programmes are not definitions of political socialization.
JAMB (UTME)
Government
2013
Q5900.According to Aristotle, a form of government in which the few rule for the benefit of all is
ADiarchy
BAristocracy
CAutocracy
DPolyarchy
Correct Answer: B
According to Aristotle, aristocracy is the rule of the few (the best) for the benefit of all. Its perverted form is oligarchy (rule of the few for their own benefit). Diarchy is rule by two. Autocracy is rule by one. Polyarchy is rule by many.