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JAMB Physics 2003
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8101.Which of the figures below illustrates the dispersion of white light through a triangular glass prism?
A[Diagram A]
B[Diagram B]
C[Diagram C]
D[Diagram D]
Correct Answer: C
The prism separates white light into its component colours.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8102.Which of the following has the lowest internal resistance when new?
ALeclanche cell.
BDaniel cell.
CAccumulator
DTorch battery.
Correct Answer: C
An accumulator (lead-acid battery) has the lowest internal resistance.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8103.When a biro pen rubbed on a dry silk cloth is moved very close to a piece of paper on a dry table, the pen is found to pick up the paper. This is because
ABoth the pen and the cloth are magnetized
BThe pen is magnetized but the cloth is not
CThe pen is charged while the cloth is magnetized
DBoth the pen and the cloth are charged.
Correct Answer: D
Rubbing transfers charge, making both the pen and cloth charged.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8104.In the figure above, XY is of length $1 \mathrm{m}$. The value of R at balance point Z is
Q8106.Two resistors, $R_1 = 4 \Omega$ and $R_2 = 5 \Omega$, are connected in parallel across a potential difference. If $P_1$ and $P_2$ represent the power dissipated in $R_1$ and $R_2$ respectively, the ratio $P_1:P_2$ is
A$4:5$
B$5:4$
C$16:25$
D$25:16$
Correct Answer: B
In parallel, $P \propto \dfrac{1}{R}$. $\dfrac{P_1}{P_2} = \dfrac{R_2}{R_1} = \dfrac{5}{4}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8107.In the circuit diagram above, calculate the current in the $12 \Omega$ resistor if the cell has an e.m.f. of $12 \mathrm{V}$ and an internal resistance of $1 \Omega$.
A$0.8 \mathrm{A}$
B$1.0 \mathrm{A}$
C$1.6 \mathrm{A}$
D$2.4 \mathrm{A}$
Correct Answer: A
The $12 \Omega$ and $6 \Omega$ resistors are in parallel, giving $4 \Omega$. Total resistance $= 4 + 1 = 5 \Omega$. Total current $= \dfrac{12}{5} = 2.4 \mathrm{A}$. Current through $12 \Omega$: $I = 2.4 \times \dfrac{6}{18} = 0.8 \mathrm{A}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8108.Which of the following are found in the receiver but not in the microphone of a telephone handset?
AI and II
BI and IV.
CII and III
DIII and IV.
Correct Answer: C
The receiver has a permanent magnet and soft iron pole pieces, while the microphone has carbon blocks.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8109.In the curve above, PQRST represents an alternating voltage of frequency $50 \mathrm{Hz}$. The time interval between point P and R on the graph is
A$25 \mathrm{s}$
B$1 \mathrm{s}$
C$0.01 \mathrm{s}$
D$0.02 \mathrm{s}$
Correct Answer: C
One complete cycle is $0.02 \mathrm{s}$. P to R is half a cycle $= 0.01 \mathrm{s}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2003
Q8110.Which of the following is the dimension of pressure?
Q8114.A piece of rubber 10 cm long stretches 6 mm when a load of 100 N is hung from it. What is the strain?
A$6 \times 10^{-3}$
B$6$
C$60$
D$6.0 \times 10^{-3}$
Correct Answer: D
Strain $= \dfrac{\text{Extension}}{\text{Original length}} = \dfrac{6 \mathrm{mm}}{10 \mathrm{cm}} = \dfrac{0.6 \mathrm{cm}}{10 \mathrm{cm}} = 0.06 = 6.0 \times 10^{-2}$. The answer key D is incorrect; the correct answer is $6.0 \times 10^{-2}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8115.The diagram above shows the lens arrangement in
Acompound microscope
Ba binocular
Can astronomical telescope
Da periscope
Correct Answer: C
The diagram shows two convex lenses arranged as an astronomical telescope.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8116.What is the total resistance in the diagram below?
A$5 \Omega$
B$25 \Omega$
C$15 \Omega$
D$35 \Omega$
Correct Answer: B
The diagram shows resistors in series. $R = 5 + 10 + 10 = 25 \Omega$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8117.A body of mass 6 kg rests on an inclined plane. The normal reaction R and the limiting frictional force F as shown in the diagram (Fig. 2). If F is 30 N and $g = 10 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$, then the angle of inclination $\theta$ is
Polarization is a property of transverse waves only. Longitudinal waves cannot be polarized.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8120.A device that converts sound energy into electrical energy is
Athe horn of a motor car
Bthe telephone earpiece
Ca loudspeaker
Da microphone.
Correct Answer: D
A microphone converts sound energy into electrical energy.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8121.A good calorimeter should be of
Alow specific heat capacity and low heat conductivity
Bhigh specific heat capacity and low heat conductivity
Chigh specific heat capacity and high heat conductivity
Dlow specific heat capacity and high heat conductivity.
Correct Answer: A
A good calorimeter should have low specific heat capacity (so it absorbs little heat) and low heat conductivity (to minimize heat loss to surroundings).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8122.Which of the following is most strongly deflected by a magnetic field?
A$\beta$-particles
B$\alpha$-particles
C$\gamma$-rays
DX-rays
Correct Answer: A
Beta particles have the smallest mass among the charged particles listed, so they are most strongly deflected by a magnetic field.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8123.If a beaker is filled with water, it is observed that the surface of the water is not horizontal at the glass-water interface. This behaviour is due to
Afriction
Bsurface tension
Cviscosity
Devaporation
Correct Answer: B
Surface tension causes the meniscus (curved surface) at the glass-water interface.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8124.A dynamo primarily conducts
Apotential energy into kinetic energy
Belectrical energy into kinetic energy
Cmechanical energy into electrical energy
Dkinetic energy into potential energy
Correct Answer: C
A dynamo (generator) converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8125.A particle is injected perpendicularly into an electric field. It travels along a curved path as depicted in the figure 3. The particle is
Agamma ray
Ba proton
Ca neutron
Dan electron
Correct Answer: D
The particle is deflected towards the positive plate, so it must be negatively charged (an electron).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8126.In which of the following diagrams is the length of the tube equal to one wavelength?
A[Diagram A]
B[Diagram B]
C[Diagram C]
D[Diagram D]
Correct Answer: A
For a stationary wave in a tube open at both ends, one wavelength corresponds to two loops (one full wave). The diagram A shows a full wave pattern.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8127.A calibrated potentiometer is used to measure the e.m.f. of a cell because the
Ainternal resistance of a cell is small compared with that of the potentiometer
Bpotentiometer takes no current from the cell
Cpotentiometer has a linear scale
Dresistance of the potentiometer is less than that of a voltmeter
Correct Answer: B
A potentiometer measures the e.m.f. of a cell by drawing no current from it at the balance point, so it measures the true e.m.f.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8128.Which of the following is a vector?
AElectric charge
BElectric potential difference
CElectric field
DElectrical capacitance.
Correct Answer: C
Electric field is a vector quantity (it has both magnitude and direction).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8129.The photocell works on the principle of the
Avoltaic cell
Bphotographic plate
Cemission of protons by incident electrons
Demission of electrons by incident radiation
Correct Answer: D
A photocell works on the principle of the photoelectric effect, where electrons are emitted by incident radiation.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8130.When an atom loses or gains a charge, it becomes
Aan ion
Ban electron
Ca neutron
Da proton
Correct Answer: A
An atom that loses or gains electrons becomes an ion.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8131.Which of the following characteristics of a wave is used in the measurement of the depth of the sea?
ADiffraction
BReflection
CRefraction
DInterference
Correct Answer: B
Echo sounding uses the reflection of sound waves to measure the depth of the sea.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8132.Which of the following are produced after a nuclear fusion process?
AI and II
BII and III
CI and IV
DII and IV.
Correct Answer: C
Nuclear fusion produces a heavier nucleus and releases energy.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8133.Two similar kettles containing equal masses of boiling water are placed on a table. If the surface of one is highly polished and the surface of the other is covered with soot, which of the following observations is correct?
AThe polished kettle cools faster
BThe soot-covered kettle cools faster
CBoth cool at the same rate
DNeither cools.
Correct Answer: B
A black (soot-covered) surface is a better emitter of radiation, so it cools faster.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8134.Total eclipse of the sun occurs when the
Amoon is between the sun and the earth
Bsun is between the moon and the earth
Cthe earth is between the moon and the sun
Dozone layer is threatened.
Correct Answer: A
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the sun and the earth.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8135.Which of the following pairs of colours gives the widest separation in the spectrum of white light?
AGreen and Yellow
BRed and violet
CRed and indigo
DYellow and violet.
Correct Answer: B
Red and violet are at the two extremes of the visible spectrum, so they have the widest separation.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8136.Which of the following with respect to a body performing simple harmonic motion are in phase?
ADisplacement and velocity of the body
BDisplacement and force on the body
CVelocity and acceleration of the body
DForce acting on the body and the acceleration
Correct Answer: D
Force and acceleration are always in phase in simple harmonic motion (F = ma).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8137.A uniform metre rule weighing 0.5 N is to be pivoted on a knife-edge at the 30cm-mark. Where will a force of 2N be placed from the pivot to balance the metre rule?
A95cm
B5cm
C20cm
D25cm
Correct Answer: D
The weight of the metre rule acts at the 50cm mark, which is 20cm from the pivot. Moment = $0.5 \times 20 = 10 \mathrm{Ncm}$. The 2N force must produce the same moment: $2 \times d = 10$, so $d = 5 \mathrm{cm}$ from the pivot. The pivot is at 30cm, so the force is at $30 + 5 = 35 \mathrm{cm}$. The answer key D is incorrect; the correct answer is 35cm, which is not listed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8138.A solid weighs 10.0N in air, 6.0N when fully immersed in water and 7.0N when fully immersed in a certain liquid X. Calculate the relative density of the liquid.
A$3/4$
B$4/3$
C$5/3$
D$7/10$
Correct Answer: A
Relative density $= \dfrac{\text{Weight loss in liquid}}{\text{Weight loss in water}} = \dfrac{10 - 7}{10 - 6} = \dfrac{3}{4}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8139.The diagram above shows a maximum and minimum thermometer divided into three portions P, Q and R. Which of the following is true about the respective content of P, Q and R?
AAir, alcohol and mercury
Balcohol, mercury and alcohol
Cmercury, alcohol and mercury
DAir, mercury and alcohol
Correct Answer: B
In a maximum-minimum thermometer, the bulb contains alcohol, the U-tube contains mercury, and the other bulb contains alcohol.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8140.The process of energy production in the sun is
Anuclear fission
Bnuclear fusion
Celectron collision
Dradioactivity decay
Correct Answer: B
The sun produces energy by nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8141.The particle responsible for nuclear fusion in a nuclear reactor is
Aelectron
BPhoton
Cproton
DNeutron
Correct Answer: D
Neutrons are used to bombard heavy nuclei to induce fission in a nuclear reactor.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8142.If the uncertainty in the measurement of the position of a particle is $5 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{m}$, the uncertainty in the momentum of the particle is
Q8143.The change in volume when 450kg of ice is completely melted is [density of ice $= 900 \mathrm{kgm}^{-3}$, density of water $= 1000 \mathrm{kgm}^{-3}$]
A$0.50 \mathrm{m}^3$
B$0.45 \mathrm{m}^3$
C$4.50 \mathrm{m}^3$
D$0.05 \mathrm{m}^3$
Correct Answer: D
Volume of ice $= \dfrac{450}{900} = 0.5 \mathrm{m}^3$. Volume of water $= \dfrac{450}{1000} = 0.45 \mathrm{m}^3$. Change in volume $= 0.5 - 0.45 = 0.05 \mathrm{m}^3$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8144.When impurities are added to semiconductor
Adecreases
Bincreases then decreases
Cdecreases
Dremains constant
Correct Answer: A
Adding impurities (doping) increases the conductivity of a semiconductor, which means its resistance decreases.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8145.The process through which free electrons leave the hot surface of hot metal is known as
Aphoto emission
Bthermionic emission
Cphoton emission
Delectron emission
Correct Answer: B
Thermionic emission is the release of electrons from a heated metal surface.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8146.The production of pure spectrum could easily be achieved using a
ATriangular prism only
BTriangular prism with two concave lens
CGlass prism with a pin
DTriangular prism with two convex lens.
Correct Answer: D
A pure spectrum is produced using a prism and two convex lenses (one to collimate the light and one to focus it).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8147.A short chain is sometimes attached to the back of a petrol tanker to
AConduct excess charges to the earth
BEnsure the balancing of the tanker
CCaution the driver when over speeding
DGenerate more friction
Correct Answer: A
The chain conducts static electricity to the ground, preventing sparks that could ignite petrol fumes.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8148.A perfect emitter or absorber of radiant energy is a
AWhite body
BRed body
CConductor
DBlack body
Correct Answer: D
A black body is a perfect emitter and absorber of radiation.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8149.Six identical cells, each of e.m.f 2V are connected as shown above. The effective e.m.f of the cell is
A4V
B0V
C6V
D12V
Correct Answer: A
The cells are connected in three parallel groups of two cells in series. Each series pair gives 4V, and the parallel combination gives an effective e.m.f of 4V.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2004
Q8150.If a pump is capable of lifting 5000Kg of water through a vertical height of 60 m in 50 mins, the power of the pump is
A$2.5 \times 10^5 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
B$3.3 \times 10^3 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
C$2.5 \times 10^4 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
D$3.3 \times 10^2 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
Correct Answer: B
$P = \dfrac{mgh}{t} = \dfrac{5000 \times 10 \times 60}{50 \times 60} = \dfrac{3000000}{3000} = 1000 \mathrm{W} = 1.0 \times 10^3 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$. The answer key B is incorrect; the correct answer is not listed.