Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q251.
Which peripheral device captures images from a physical document?
A
Scanner
B
Printer
C
Projector
D
External drive
Correct Answer: A
Scanners digitize physical documents into electronic form.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q252.
A projector is primarily used for:
A
Storing data
B
Displaying images on a screen
C
Printing documents
D
Scanning photos
Correct Answer: B
Projectors project images onto a screen or wall.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q253.
Which external drive is commonly used for portable data storage?
A
SSD
B
HDD
C
USB flash drive
D
Motherboard
Correct Answer: C
USB flash drives are small, portable storage devices.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q254.
Cleaning a computer’s internal components should be done with:
A
Damp cloth
B
Alcohol wipes
C
Compressed air
D
Water
Correct Answer: C
Compressed air safely removes dust without moisture.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q255.
Proper handling of a laptop includes:
A
Carrying it in a bag with sharp objects
B
Using it on a soft surface only
C
Supporting the screen while moving
D
Leaving it unattended on a table
Correct Answer: C
Supporting the screen prevents damage and ensures safe use.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q256.
A common software fault that causes a computer to freeze is known as:
A
Overheating
B
Blue screen error
C
Hardware failure
D
Power outage
Correct Answer: B
A blue screen indicates a critical software error.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q257.
Which troubleshooting step is first when a printer is not printing?
A
Reinstall drivers
B
Check ink levels
C
Restart the computer
D
Check the paper tray
Correct Answer: D
The first step is to ensure the printer has paper and is properly loaded.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q258.
If a hard drive fails to spin up, the likely cause is:
A
Software corruption
B
Power supply issue
C
Overheating
D
Driver conflict
Correct Answer: B
Hard drives need power; a faulty PSU can prevent spinning.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q259.
Installing application software typically involves:
A
Rebooting the computer twice
B
Running an installer executable
C
Manually editing the registry
D
Copying files to the desktop
Correct Answer: B
Installers guide the user through the installation process.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q260.
Reinstalling an operating system usually requires:
A
A USB flash drive with the OS image
B
A printer
C
External hard drive only
D
Internet connection only
Correct Answer: A
The OS image is needed to reinstall the operating system.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q261.
A GSM phone can be upgraded by adding which component?
A
SSD
B
RAM
C
SIM card
D
Motherboard
Correct Answer: C
A GSM phone uses a SIM card to connect to mobile networks.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q262.
Which of the following is a basic hardware repair skill?
A
Writing code
B
Replacing a faulty RAM stick
C
Designing a website
D
Creating a spreadsheet
Correct Answer: B
Replacing RAM is a common and simple hardware repair task.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q263.
Which device is used to back up data to the cloud?
A
External hard drive
B
USB flash drive
C
Cloud storage service
D
Printer
Correct Answer: C
Cloud services store data online for backup purposes.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q264.
Which backup method stores data on a separate physical device?
A
Cloud backup
B
External drive backup
C
Online backup
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: B
External drives provide physical backup storage.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q265.
Responsible technology use includes:
A
Sharing passwords freely
B
Using software illegally
C
Protecting personal information online
D
Ignoring privacy settings
Correct Answer: C
Protecting personal information is a key aspect of digital citizenship.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q266.
Online privacy can be improved by:
A
Using weak passwords
B
Disabling two‑factor authentication
C
Regularly updating privacy settings
D
Sharing all personal data publicly
Correct Answer: C
Updating privacy settings helps control who can see personal information.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q267.
A cyber law that prohibits unauthorized access to computer systems is known as:
A
Copyright law
B
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
C
Privacy Act
D
Data Protection Act
Correct Answer: B
The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act criminalises hacking and unauthorized access.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q268.
Which threat involves tricking a user into providing personal information?
A
Malware
B
Phishing
C
DDoS
D
Spoofing
Correct Answer: B
Phishing uses deceptive messages to steal credentials.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q269.
A protective measure against malware is:
A
Ignoring updates
B
Installing antivirus software
C
Using public Wi‑Fi only
D
Disabling firewalls
Correct Answer: B
Antivirus software scans and removes malware from a system.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q270.
Robotics falls under which category of emerging technologies?
A
Blockchain
B
Artificial Intelligence
C
Robotics
D
Cloud Computing
Correct Answer: C
Robotics is a distinct emerging technology focused on autonomous machines.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q271.
Artificial Intelligence primarily deals with:
A
Storing data in the cloud
B
Machines performing tasks that normally require human intelligence
C
Physical robots only
D
Blockchain transactions
Correct Answer: B
AI enables computers to perform tasks like learning and decision‑making.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q272.
Blockchain technology is best described as:
A
A type of database that records transactions in a secure, distributed ledger
B
A new operating system
C
A programming language
D
A hardware component
Correct Answer: A
Blockchain is a decentralized ledger for secure transaction records.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q273.
Cloud computing provides which of the following services?
A
Local file storage only
B
Remote servers and services over the internet
C
Physical printers only
D
Dedicated desktop PCs
Correct Answer: B
Cloud computing delivers computing resources via the internet.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q274.
Which impact of technology on education is most related to online learning platforms?
A
Improved physical health
B
Increased classroom sizes
C
Access to digital resources for remote learning
D
Reduced use of textbooks
Correct Answer: C
Online platforms enable remote learning and resource sharing.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q275.
How does technology influence governance?
A
By limiting transparency
B
By providing e‑government services and data analytics
C
By eliminating elections
D
By reducing public access to information
Correct Answer: B
e‑government uses tech to improve services and decision‑making.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q276.
In the health sector, technology can help by:
A
Replacing doctors entirely
B
Providing telemedicine and electronic health records
C
Eliminating all medical devices
D
Reducing patient data security
Correct Answer: B
Telemedicine and EHRs improve access and record‑keeping.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q277.
A career in digital technologies that involves designing user interfaces is known as:
A
Network administrator
B
Software developer
C
UX/UI designer
D
Data analyst
Correct Answer: C
UX/UI designers focus on user experience and interface design.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q278.
Which skill is essential for a 21st‑century digital worker?
A
Manual typewriting
B
Basic spreadsheet proficiency
C
Ability to use a calculator only
D
Ignoring software updates
Correct Answer: B
Spreadsheet skills are fundamental for many digital roles.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q279.
A project plan should include:
A
Only the final deliverable
B
Scope, timeline, resources, and risk assessment
C
Random tasks
D
No deadlines
Correct Answer: B
A comprehensive plan covers scope, schedule, resources, and risks.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q280.
Which of the following is a key element of a digital citizenship lesson?
A
Teaching how to hack systems
B
Discussing online privacy and digital footprint
C
Promoting unlimited internet usage
D
Encouraging sharing of passwords
Correct Answer: B
Digital citizenship teaches responsible online behavior and privacy.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q281.
Which emerging technology uses decentralized ledgers to record transactions?
A
Robotics
B
Artificial Intelligence
C
Blockchain
D
Cloud Computing
Correct Answer: C
Blockchain is based on decentralized ledger technology.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q282.
What does a data backup strategy aim to protect against?
A
Physical theft of the computer
B
Loss of data due to hardware failure or accidental deletion
C
Increased storage capacity
D
Faster processing speeds
Correct Answer: B
Backups safeguard data against loss or corruption.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q283.
In a database, what is a query used for?
A
Creating a new table
B
Retrieving specific data from tables
C
Printing reports
D
Designing forms
Correct Answer: B
Queries filter and fetch data according to specified conditions.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q284.
Which database component displays data in a printable format?
A
Query
B
Form
C
Report
D
Table
Correct Answer: C
Reports present data in a formatted, printable layout.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q285.
Which of the following is NOT a typical function of a motherboard?
A
Connecting CPU, RAM, and storage
B
Supplying power to components
C
Routing data between components
D
Controlling peripheral devices directly
Correct Answer: D
The motherboard provides pathways; peripheral control is via ports.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q286.
The term "overheating" in computer hardware refers to:
A
Excessive power usage
B
The CPU or components getting too hot
C
The screen getting too bright
D
The hard drive spinning too fast
Correct Answer: B
Overheating occurs when components exceed safe temperature limits.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q287.
Which peripheral device is most suitable for transferring large files between computers?
A
Printer
B
Scanner
C
External hard drive
D
Projector
Correct Answer: C
External hard drives provide large storage capacity for file transfer.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q288.
Which maintenance activity helps prevent dust buildup on internal components?
A
Running software updates
B
Using a damp cloth on the motherboard
C
Blowing compressed air into the chassis
D
Turning off the computer during cleaning
Correct Answer: C
Compressed air removes dust without moisture.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q289.
When a computer is not booting, a common software solution is to:
A
Replace the hard drive
B
Reinstall the operating system
C
Upgrade the RAM
D
Clean the keyboard
Correct Answer: B
Reinstalling the OS can resolve boot‑related software issues.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q290.
Which of the following is a common symptom of insufficient RAM?
A
Slow application loading times
B
Increased hard drive space
C
Higher screen resolution
D
Faster internet speed
Correct Answer: A
Low RAM can cause applications to run slowly due to swapping.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q291.
In a database, a field that stores a student's name should be of what type?
A
Number
B
Text
C
Date
D
Boolean
Correct Answer: B
Names are textual data, so a text field type is appropriate.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q292.
Which of the following best describes a data backup stored on a cloud service?
A
Physical copy on an external drive
B
Digital copy on a remote server
C
Printed paper copies
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Cloud backups are stored on remote servers accessible via the internet.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q293.
In a spreadsheet, which reference type remains unchanged when copied across cells?
A
Relative
B
Absolute
C
Mixed
D
Relative with offset
Correct Answer: B
An absolute reference ($A$1) does not change when the formula is copied.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q294.
Which of the following is NOT a function used in basic spreadsheet calculations?
A
IF
B
VLOOKUP
C
COUNT
D
SUM
Correct Answer: B
VLOOKUP is a lookup function, not listed in the basic functions section.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q295.
When sorting data in ascending order, which column is affected first?
A
The column containing the sort key
B
The first column in the sheet
C
The last column in the sheet
D
No column is affected
Correct Answer: A
Sorting is based on the selected sort key column.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q296.
Which of these is a correct way to write a nested IF formula?
A
=IF(A1>10, "High", IF(A1>5, "Medium", "Low"))
B
=IF(A1>10, "High" IF(A1>5, "Medium", "Low"))
C
=IF(A1>10, "High", "Medium", "Low")
D
=IF(A1>10, "High", IF(A1>5, "Medium", "Low"))
Correct Answer: D
The correct syntax includes commas between arguments.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q297.
What does conditional formatting allow you to do in a spreadsheet?
A
Change cell font size automatically
B
Highlight cells that meet a specific condition
C
Create charts directly from data
D
Protect the worksheet from editing
Correct Answer: B
Conditional formatting highlights cells based on rules like value thresholds.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q298.
In a database, which component stores the actual data records?
A
Table
B
Query
C
Form
D
Report
Correct Answer: A
Tables hold the data records; queries retrieve them.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q299.
Which field type would you use to store a student's full name in a database?
A
Number
B
Text
C
Date/Time
D
Boolean
Correct Answer: B
Text fields are used for alphabetic data like names.
Junior Certificate Examination
Digital Technologies
Q300.
What is the primary purpose of a query in a database?
A
To display data in a readable format
B
To retrieve specific data based on criteria
C
To store new records
D
To backup the database
Correct Answer: B
Queries filter and retrieve data according to conditions.