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Instruction
JAMB Physics 2011
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6951.The phenomenon that shows that increase in pressure lowers the melting point can be observed in
Aregulation
Bsublimation
Ccondensation
Dcoagulation.
Correct Answer: A
Regulation (pressure melting) is the phenomenon where ice melts under pressure and refreezes when the pressure is removed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6952.If the volume of a gas increases steadily as the temperature decreases at constant pressure, the gas obeys
ACharles' law
BGraham's law
CBoyle's law
Dpressure law.
Correct Answer: A
(Note: The statement is incorrect. Charles' law states volume increases as temperature increases at constant pressure. The question likely has a typo and meant "increases as temperature increases". Following the key, the answer is A). Charles' law.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6953.Steam burn is more severe than that of boiling water because
Asteam burn is dependent on relative humidity
Bsteam burn is independent of relative humidity
Csteam possesses greater heat energy per unit mass
Dsteam has a higher temperature than boiling water.
Correct Answer: C
Steam releases its latent heat of vaporization when it condenses on the skin, in addition to the heat from cooling, making burns more severe.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6954.Which of the following types of waves needs a medium for propagation?
AX-rays
BSound waves
CLight waves
DRadio waves.
Correct Answer: B
Sound is a mechanical wave and requires a material medium. The others are electromagnetic waves that can travel through a vacuum.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6955.The ground is always cold at night because the
Aatmosphere reflects the sun's energy at night
Batmosphere absorbs the sun's energy at night
Cearth radiates heat to the atmosphere at night
Dsun no longer shines at night.
Correct Answer: C
At night, the earth radiates heat back into the atmosphere and space, causing it to cool down.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6956.A metal of volume $40 \mathrm{cm}^3$ is heated from $30^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ to $90^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, the increase in volume is .... [Linear expansivity of the metal $= 2.0 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{K}^{-1}$]
A$0.40 \mathrm{cm}^3$
B$0.14 \mathrm{cm}^3$
C$0.12 \mathrm{cm}^3$
D$1.20 \mathrm{cm}^3$
Correct Answer: B
$\Delta V = V \gamma \Delta T = V (3\alpha) \Delta T = 40 \times 3 \times 2.0 \times 10^{-5} \times 60 = 40 \times 6.0 \times 10^{-5} \times 60 = 0.144 \mathrm{cm}^3 \approx 0.14 \mathrm{cm}^3$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6957.I. Change of state
AI, II and IV
BI, II, III and IV
CI, II and III
DI, III and IV.
Correct Answer: B
All four processes can be explained using the kinetic theory of matter.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6958.When the human eye loses its power of accommodation, the defect is known as
Along-sightedness
Bshort-sightedness
Cpresbyopia
Dastigmatism.
Correct Answer: C
Presbyopia is the age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on close objects due to loss of elasticity of the lens.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6959.A length of wire has a frequency of $255 \mathrm{Hz}$ when stretched by a force of $225 \mathrm{N}$. If the force increases to $324 \mathrm{N}$, what is the new frequency of vibration?
Q6960.A certain far-sighted person cannot see objects that are closer to the eye than $50 \mathrm{cm}$ clearly. Determine the power of the converging lens which will enable him to see at $25 \mathrm{cm}$.
A$0.04 \mathrm{D}$
B$0.06 \mathrm{D}$
C$0.02 \mathrm{D}$
D$0.03 \mathrm{D}$.
Correct Answer: C
$u = 25 \mathrm{cm} = 0.25 \mathrm{m}$, $v = -50 \mathrm{cm} = -0.5 \mathrm{m}$. $\dfrac{1}{f} = \dfrac{1}{v} - \dfrac{1}{u} = \dfrac{1}{-0.5} - \dfrac{1}{0.25} = -2 - 4 = -6$. $P = \dfrac{1}{f} = -6 \mathrm{D}$. The answer key is incorrect; the correct power is $+2 \mathrm{D}$. The provided answer C is a typo.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6961.Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the highest frequency?
AX-rays
BUltra-violet rays
CRadio waves
DInfrared-rays.
Correct Answer: A
X-rays have a higher frequency than ultraviolet, infrared, and radio waves.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6962.When a red rose flower is observed in blue light, what colour does the observer see?
AYellow
BRed
CBlue
DMagenta.
Correct Answer: D
(Note: A red rose reflects red light. In blue light, there is no red to reflect, so it appears black. The answer key D is incorrect). The correct answer is black.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6963.The eclipse of the sun occurs when the
Amoon's umbra falls on some part of the earth
Bmoon is between the sun and the earth
Cearth is between the sun and the moon
Dmoon is not completely hidden in the earth's shadow.
Correct Answer: A
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the sun and earth, casting its umbra on the earth.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6964.A cannon is fired from town X. After how long is the sound heard at a town Y $4.95 \mathrm{km}$ away? [velocity of sound in air $= 333 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$]
A$15 \mathrm{s}$
B$0 \mathrm{s}$
C$10 \mathrm{s}$
D$12 \mathrm{s}$
Correct Answer: B
$t = \dfrac{d}{v} = \dfrac{4950}{333} = 14.86 \mathrm{s} \approx 15 \mathrm{s}$. The answer key is incorrect; the correct answer is A.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6965.An image in a convex lens is upright magnified 3 times. If the focal length of the lens is $15 \mathrm{cm}$, what is the object distance?
A$14 \mathrm{cm}$
B$10 \mathrm{cm}$
C$25 \mathrm{cm}$
D$26 \mathrm{cm}$.
Correct Answer: C
$m = \dfrac{v}{u} = 3 \Rightarrow v = 3u$. $\dfrac{1}{f} = \dfrac{1}{u} + \dfrac{1}{v}$. $\dfrac{1}{15} = \dfrac{1}{u} + \dfrac{1}{3u} = \dfrac{4}{3u}$. $3u = 60 \Rightarrow u = 20 \mathrm{cm}$. The answer key is incorrect; the correct answer is $20 \mathrm{cm}$, which is not listed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6966.The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is $20 \mu\mathrm{F}$ in air and $60 \mu\mathrm{F}$ in the presence of a dielectric. What is the dielectric constant?
Q6967.In the circuit below, three resistors, $2\Omega$, $4\Omega$ and $12\Omega$ are connected in parallel and a $12 \mathrm{V}$ battery is connected across the combination. The current flowing through the $12\Omega$ resistor is
A$9.6 \mathrm{A}$
B$14.4 \mathrm{A}$
C$1.0 \mathrm{A}$
D$3.2 \mathrm{A}$.
Correct Answer: C
In parallel, voltage across each resistor is $12 \mathrm{V}$. $I = \dfrac{V}{R} = \dfrac{12}{12} = 1.0 \mathrm{A}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6968.If the charge of electricity per kWh is N4, what is the cost of operating an electrical appliance rated $2.50 \mathrm{V}$, $2 \mathrm{A}$ for $6$ hours?
AN24
BN0.12
CN12
DN16.
Correct Answer: B
Power $= VI = 2.5 \times 2 = 5 \mathrm{W} = 0.005 \mathrm{kW}$. Energy $= 0.005 \times 6 = 0.03 \mathrm{kWh}$. Cost $= 0.03 \times 4 = N0.12$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6969.The correct expression for the potential at a point, distance $r$ from a charge $q$, in an electric field is
A$\dfrac{q}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r^2}$
B$\dfrac{q}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r}$
C$\dfrac{q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r^2}$
D$\dfrac{q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r}$
Correct Answer: B
Electric potential $V = \dfrac{q}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6970.Three similar cells each of e.m.f $2 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance $2 \Omega$ are connected in parallel, the total e.m.f and total internal resistance are respectively
A$6 \mathrm{V}$, $0.7 \Omega$
B$6 \mathrm{V}$, $6.0 \Omega$
C$2 \mathrm{V}$, $0.7 \Omega$
D$2 \mathrm{V}$, $6.0 \Omega$
Correct Answer: C
For cells in parallel, total e.m.f $= 2 \mathrm{V}$. Total internal resistance $= \dfrac{2}{3} = 0.67 \Omega \approx 0.7 \Omega$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6971.In homes, electrical appliances and lamps are connected in parallel because
Aless voltage will be used
Bparallel connection does not heat up the wires
Cseries connection uses high voltage
Dless current will be used.
Correct Answer: A
(Note: The main reason is that each appliance gets the full mains voltage and can be operated independently. The answer key A is a poor explanation). The correct reason is that each appliance receives the full supply voltage.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6972.Two resistors $5 \Omega$ and $10 \Omega$ are arranged first in series and later in parallel to a $24 \mathrm{V}$ source. The ratio of total power dissipated in the series and parallel arrangement respectively is
A$3:5$
B$5:3$
C$1:50$
D$50:1$.
Correct Answer: A
Series: $R_s = 15 \Omega$, $P_s = \dfrac{V^2}{R_s} = \dfrac{24^2}{15}$. Parallel: $R_p = \dfrac{5 \times 10}{15} = \dfrac{50}{15} = \dfrac{10}{3} \Omega$, $P_p = \dfrac{V^2}{R_p} = \dfrac{24^2}{10/3}$. Ratio $\dfrac{P_s}{P_p} = \dfrac{R_p}{R_s} = \dfrac{10/3}{15} = \dfrac{10}{45} = \dfrac{2}{9}$. The answer key is incorrect; the correct ratio is $2:9$, which is not listed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6973.Which of the following will be applied when a metal X in electrolysis?
AY is the anode and very high current is used
BX is the anode and very high current is used
CX is the cathode and Y is the anode
DY is the cathode and X is the anode
Correct Answer: A
(Note: The question is incomplete without the context of the diagram). The answer key is A.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6974.A radioactive isotope has a decay constant of $10^{-5} \mathrm{s}^{-1}$. Calculate its half-life.
Q6977.In an a.c. circuit, the ratio of r.m.s value to peak value of current is
A$\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
B$\sqrt{2}$
C$2$
D$\dfrac{1}{2}$
Correct Answer: A
$I_{rms} = \dfrac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}$, so the ratio is $\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6978.Two inductors of inductances $4 \mathrm{H}$ and $8 \mathrm{H}$ are arranged in series and a current of $10 \mathrm{A}$ is passed through them. What is the energy stored in them?
A$250 \mathrm{J}$
B$500 \mathrm{J}$
C$50 \mathrm{J}$
D$133 \mathrm{J}$.
Correct Answer: A
Total inductance $L = 4 + 8 = 12 \mathrm{H}$. Energy $= \dfrac{1}{2}LI^2 = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 12 \times 10^2 = 600 \mathrm{J}$. The answer key is incorrect; the correct answer is $600 \mathrm{J}$, which is not listed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6979.Under which of the following conditions do gasses conduct electricity?
AHigh pressure and high p.d
BLow pressure and low p.d
CLow pressure and high p.d
DHigh pressure and low p.d
Correct Answer: C
Gases conduct electricity at low pressure and high potential difference.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6980.In measuring high frequency a.c., the instrument used is the
Ahot wire ammeter
Bd.c. ammeter
Cmoving coil ammeter
Dmoving iron ammeter.
Correct Answer: A
A hot wire ammeter can measure both a.c. and d.c., and is suitable for high frequencies.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6981.The bond between silicon and germanium is
Aelectrovalent
Bcovalent
Cionic
Ddative.
Correct Answer: B
Silicon and germanium are tetravalent and form covalent bonds.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6982.Which of the following materials has an increase in resistance with temperature?
AElectrolyte
BWater
CMetals
DWood.
Correct Answer: C
Metals have positive temperature coefficients of resistance, meaning resistance increases with temperature.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2011
Q6983.The electrical properties of germanium can be altered drastically by the addition of impurities. The process is referred to as
Adoping
Bsaturation
Cbonding
Damplification.
Correct Answer: A
Doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic semiconductor to modulate its electrical properties.
Instruction
JAMB Physics 2012
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6984.Which Question Paper Type of Physics as indicated above is given to you?
AType Green
BType Purple
CType Red
DType Yellow
Correct Answer: B
The answer is B based on the provided answer key.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6985.In order to remove the error of parallax when taking measurements with a metre rule, the eye should be focused
Aslantingly towards the left on the markings
Bslantingly towards the right on the markings
Cvertically downwards on the markings
Dvertically upwards on the markings.
Correct Answer: C
Parallax error is eliminated by viewing the scale vertically above the mark.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6986.A load is pulled at a uniform speed along a horizontal floor by a rope at $45^{\circ}$ to the floor. If the force in the rope is $1500 \mathrm{N}$, what is the frictional force on the load?
A$1524 \mathrm{N}$
B$1350 \mathrm{N}$
C$1260 \mathrm{N}$
D$1061 \mathrm{N}$
Correct Answer: D
At uniform speed, horizontal component of force equals friction. $F_f = F\cos 45^{\circ} = 1500 \times 0.7071 = 1061 \mathrm{N}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6987.From the diagram above, OT is,
A$18 \mathrm{N}$
B$14 \mathrm{N}$
C$5 \mathrm{N}$
D$2 \mathrm{N}$
Correct Answer: C
The diagram shows three forces in equilibrium. Using Lami's theorem or resolving, OT is the resultant of the other two forces. The answer key C is correct.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6988.From the velocity-time graph shown above, which of the following quantities CANNOT be determined?
ADeceleration
BInitial velocity
CTotal distance travelled
DInitial acceleration
Correct Answer: D
The graph starts with a horizontal line at $t = 0$, so initial acceleration is zero and cannot be determined from the slope at $t = 0$. Deceleration, initial velocity, and total distance can be determined.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6989.Calculate the total distance covered by a train before coming to rest if its initial speed is $30 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ with a constant retardation of $0.1 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$.
Q6990.A car starts from rest and moves with a uniform acceleration of $30 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$ for $20 \mathrm{s}$. Calculate the distance covered at the end of the motion.
Q6994.From the diagram above, calculate the work done when the particle moves from $x = 0 \mathrm{m}$ to $x = 80 \mathrm{m}$.
A$1200 \mathrm{J}$
B$2400 \mathrm{J}$
C$6000 \mathrm{J}$
D$7000 \mathrm{J}$
Correct Answer: B
Work done = area under force-distance graph. Area of triangle = $\dfrac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 80 \times 60 = 2400 \mathrm{J}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6995.The diagram above shows a wooden block just about to slide down an inclined plane whose inclination to the horizontal is $\alpha$. The coefficient of frictional force between the block and the plane is
A$\sin\alpha$
B$\tan\alpha$
C$\cot\alpha$
D$\cos\alpha$
Correct Answer: B
At the point of sliding, $\mu = \tan\alpha$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6996.An object of mass $20 \mathrm{kg}$ slides down an inclined plane at an angle of $30^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction is
A$0.58$
B$0.50$
C$0.87$
D$0.25$
Correct Answer: A
(Note: The question is incomplete without the acceleration or friction force. Assuming the object slides at constant velocity, $\mu = \tan 30^{\circ} = 0.58$). The answer key A is correct.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6997.A block and tackle is used to raise a load of $25 \mathrm{N}$ through a vertical distance of $30 \mathrm{m}$. What is the efficiency of the system if the work done against friction is $1500 \mathrm{J}$? $[g \approx 10 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}]$
A$62.5\%$
B$73.3\%$
C$83.3\%$
D$94.3\%$
Correct Answer: C
Useful work = $25 \times 30 = 750 \mathrm{J}$. Total work = $750 + 1500 = 2250 \mathrm{J}$. Efficiency = $\dfrac{750}{2250} \times 100 = 33.3\%$. The answer key C is incorrect; the correct answer is $33.3\%$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q6998.If a load of $1 \mathrm{kg}$ stretches a cord by $1.2 \mathrm{cm}$, what is the force constant of the cord? $[g \approx 10 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}]$
Q6999.An object of volume $1 \mathrm{m}^3$ and mass $2 \mathrm{kg}$ is totally immersed in a liquid of density $1 \mathrm{kgm}^{-3}$. Calculate its apparent weight.
A$20 \mathrm{N}$
B$10 \mathrm{N}$
C$2 \mathrm{N}$
D$1 \mathrm{N}$
Correct Answer: B
Weight in air = $mg = 2 \times 10 = 20 \mathrm{N}$. Upthrust = $\rho V g = 1 \times 1 \times 10 = 10 \mathrm{N}$. Apparent weight = $20 - 10 = 10 \mathrm{N}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2012
Q7000.The pressure at any point in a liquid at rest depends only on the
Adepth and the density
Bmass and the volume
Cquantity and the surface area
Dsurface area and the viscosity.
Correct Answer: A
Pressure in a liquid $P = \rho g h$ depends on density $\rho$ and depth $h$.