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JAMB Physics 2015
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7151.Which of the following characteristics of a wave is used in the measurement of the depth of the sea?
ADiffraction
BReflection
CRefraction
DInterference
Correct Answer: B
Echo sounding uses the reflection of sound waves to measure the depth of the sea.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7152.Which of the following are produced after a nuclear fusion process?
AI and II
BII and III
CI and IV
DII and IV.
Correct Answer: C
Nuclear fusion produces a heavier nucleus and releases energy.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7153.Two similar kettles containing equal masses of boiling water are placed on a table. If the surface of one is highly polished and the surface of the other is covered with soot, which of the following observations is correct?
AThe polished kettle cools faster
BThe soot-covered kettle cools faster
CBoth cool at the same rate
DNeither cools.
Correct Answer: B
A black (soot-covered) surface is a better emitter of radiation, so it cools faster.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7154.Total eclipse of the sun occurs when the
Amoon is between the sun and the earth
Bsun is between the moon and the earth
Cthe earth is between the moon and the sun
Dozone layer is threatened.
Correct Answer: A
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the sun and the earth.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7155.Which of the following pairs of colours gives the widest separation in the spectrum of white light?
AGreen and Yellow
BRed and violet
CRed and indigo
DYellow and violet.
Correct Answer: B
Red and violet are at the two extremes of the visible spectrum, so they have the widest separation.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7156.Which of the following with respect to a body performing simple harmonic motion are in phase?
ADisplacement and velocity of the body
BDisplacement and force on the body
CVelocity and acceleration of the body
DForce acting on the body and the acceleration
Correct Answer: D
Force and acceleration are always in phase in simple harmonic motion (F = ma).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7157.A uniform metre rule weighing 0.5 N is to be pivoted on a knife-edge at the 30cm-mark. Where will a force of 2N be placed from the pivot to balance the metre rule?
A95cm
B5cm
C20cm
D25cm
Correct Answer: D
The weight of the metre rule acts at the 50cm mark, which is 20cm from the pivot. Moment = $0.5 \times 20 = 10 \mathrm{Ncm}$. The 2N force must produce the same moment: $2 \times d = 10$, so $d = 5 \mathrm{cm}$ from the pivot. The pivot is at 30cm, so the force is at $30 + 5 = 35 \mathrm{cm}$. The answer key D is incorrect; the correct answer is 35cm, which is not listed. (Note: If the force is on the opposite side, it would be at $30 - 5 = 25 \mathrm{cm}$, which is option D).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7158.A solid weighs 10.0N in air, 6.0N when fully immersed in water and 7.0N when fully immersed in a certain liquid X. Calculate the relative density of the liquid.
A$3/4$
B$4/3$
C$5/3$
D$7/10$
Correct Answer: A
Relative density $= \dfrac{\text{Weight loss in liquid}}{\text{Weight loss in water}} = \dfrac{10 - 7}{10 - 6} = \dfrac{3}{4}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7159.The diagram above shows a maximum and minimum thermometer divided into three portions P, Q and R. Which of the following is true about the respective content of P, Q and R?
AAir, alcohol and mercury
Balcohol, mercury and alcohol
Cmercury, alcohol and mercury
DAir, mercury and alcohol
Correct Answer: B
In a maximum-minimum thermometer, the bulb contains alcohol, the U-tube contains mercury, and the other bulb contains alcohol.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7160.The process of energy production in the sun is
Anuclear fission
Bnuclear fusion
Celectron collision
Dradioactivity decay
Correct Answer: B
The sun produces energy by nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7161.The particle responsible for nuclear fusion in a nuclear reactor is
Aelectron
BPhoton
Cproton
DNeutron
Correct Answer: D
Neutrons are used to bombard heavy nuclei to induce fission in a nuclear reactor.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7162.If the uncertainty in the measurement of the position of a particle is $5 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{m}$, the uncertainty in the momentum of the particle is
Q7163.The change in volume when 450kg of ice is completely melted is [density of ice $= 900 \mathrm{kgm}^{-3}$, density of water $= 1000 \mathrm{kgm}^{-3}$]
A$0.50 \mathrm{m}^3$
B$0.45 \mathrm{m}^3$
C$4.50 \mathrm{m}^3$
D$0.05 \mathrm{m}^3$
Correct Answer: D
Volume of ice $= \dfrac{450}{900} = 0.5 \mathrm{m}^3$. Volume of water $= \dfrac{450}{1000} = 0.45 \mathrm{m}^3$. Change in volume $= 0.5 - 0.45 = 0.05 \mathrm{m}^3$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7164.When impurities are added to semiconductor
Adecreases
Bincreases then decreases
Cdecreases
Dremains constant
Correct Answer: A
Adding impurities (doping) increases the conductivity of a semiconductor, which means its resistance decreases.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7165.The process through which free electrons leave the hot surface of hot metal is known as
Aphoto emission
Bthermionic emission
Cphoton emission
Delectron emission
Correct Answer: B
Thermionic emission is the release of electrons from a heated metal surface.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7166.The production of pure spectrum could easily be achieved using a
ATriangular prism only
BTriangular prism with two concave lens
CGlass prism with a pin
DTriangular prism with two convex lens.
Correct Answer: D
A pure spectrum is produced using a prism and two convex lenses (one to collimate the light and one to focus it).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7167.A short chain is sometimes attached to the back of a petrol tanker to
AConduct excess charges to the earth
BEnsure the balancing of the tanker
CCaution the driver when over speeding
DGenerate more friction
Correct Answer: A
The chain conducts static electricity to the ground, preventing sparks that could ignite petrol fumes.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7168.A perfect emitter or absorber of radiant energy is a
AWhite body
BRed body
CConductor
DBlack body
Correct Answer: D
A black body is a perfect emitter and absorber of radiation.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7169.Six identical cells, each of e.m.f 2V are connected as shown above. The effective e.m.f of the cell is
A4V
B0V
C6V
D12V
Correct Answer: A
The cells are connected in three parallel groups of two cells in series. Each series pair gives 4V, and the parallel combination gives an effective e.m.f of 4V.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7170.If a pump is capable of lifting 5000Kg of water through a vertical height of 60 m in 50 mins, the power of the pump is
A$2.5 \times 10^5 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
B$3.3 \times 10^3 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
C$2.5 \times 10^4 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
D$3.3 \times 10^2 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$
Correct Answer: B
$P = \dfrac{mgh}{t} = \dfrac{5000 \times 10 \times 60}{50 \times 60} = \dfrac{3000000}{3000} = 1000 \mathrm{W} = 1.0 \times 10^3 \mathrm{Js}^{-1}$. The answer key B is incorrect; the correct answer is not listed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7171.The distance between two successive crests of a wave is 15 cm and the velocity is $300 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$. Calculate the frequency.
Electrical energy is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7176.The resultant of two forces is 50N. If the forces are perpendicular to each other and one of them makes an angle of 30 degrees with the resultant. Find its magnitude.
A100.0 N
B57.7 N
C25.0 N
D43.3 N
Correct Answer: D
F1 = R cos theta = 50 x cos 30 = 50 x 0.866 = 43.3 N.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7177.A piece of radioactive material contains 1000 atoms. If its half-life is 20 seconds, the time taken for 125 atoms to remain is
A20 seconds
B40 seconds
C60 seconds
D80 seconds
Correct Answer: C
N = N0 (1/2)^n. 125 = 1000 (1/2)^n. (1/2)^n = 1/8 = (1/2)^3. n = 3. t = 3 x 20 = 60 s.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7178.The correct expression for the potential at a point, distance r from a charge q, in an electric field is
Aq / (4 pi epsilon0 r)
Bq^2 / (4 pi epsilon0 r^2)
Cq / (4 pi epsilon0 r^2)
Dq^2 / (4 pi epsilon0 r)
Correct Answer: A
Electric potential V = q / (4 pi epsilon0 r).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7179.A typical transistor characteristic is represented as
A[Graph A]
B[Graph B]
C[Graph C]
D[Graph D]
Correct Answer: C
The characteristic curve for a transistor shows collector current increasing with collector-emitter voltage and then flattening out. Graph C represents this.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7180.In a discharge tube, most of the gas is pumped out so that electricity is conducted at
Asteady voltage
Bhigh pressure
Clow pressure
Dlow voltage
Correct Answer: C
Gases conduct electricity at low pressure and high potential difference.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7181.I. Moon II. Sun III. Street light IV. Stars
AI, II and IV only
BI, II and III only
CIII and IV only
DII and IV only
Correct Answer: D
The sun and stars are natural sources of light. The moon reflects light and is not a source.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7182.An object placed at the bottom of a well full of clear water appears closer to the surface due to
Arefraction
Breflection
Can inverter
Da magnifier
Correct Answer: A
Refraction causes the apparent depth to be less than the real depth.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7183.A boy drags a bag of rice along a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 2N applied at an angle of 60 degrees to the floor. The work done after a distance of 3m is
A6 J
B4 J
C5 J
D3 J
Correct Answer: D
Work = F d cos theta = 2 x 3 x cos 60 = 6 x 0.5 = 3 J.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7184.The spheres of masses 5.0 kg and 10.0 kg are 0.3 m apart. Calculate the force of attraction between them.
A3.57 x 10^-8 N
B3.71 x 10^-8 N
C4.00 x 10^-8 N
D2.50 x 10^-8 N
Correct Answer: B
F = G m1 m2 / r^2 = (6.67 x 10^-11 x 5 x 10) / (0.3)^2 = (3.335 x 10^-9) / 0.09 = 3.71 x 10^-8 N.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7185.When very hot water is poured into two identical thin and thick glass tumblers in equal volumes, the thick one cracks because
Aof the even expansion of glass
Bglass is a good conductor of heat
Cglass is a crystal
Dof the uneven expansion of glass
Correct Answer: D
Thick glass has poor heat conductivity, causing uneven expansion and cracking.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7186.The diagram above represents the stress-strain for a typical metal rod. What does X represent?
AYield point
BBreaking point
CElastic limit
DProportional limit
Correct Answer: A
X represents the yield point where the material begins to deform plastically.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7187.Transverse waves can be distinguished from longitudinal waves using the characteristic of
Adiffraction
Breflection
Cpolarization
Drefraction
Correct Answer: C
Polarization is a property of transverse waves only.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7188.Which of the following pairs of light rays shows the widest separation in the spectrum of white light?
AGreen and yellow
BBlue and red
CIndigo and violet
DOrange and red
Correct Answer: B
Red and violet (or blue) are at the extremes of the visible spectrum.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7189.Which of the following graphs shows the correct vector diagram for the circuit above?
A[Graph A]
B[Graph B]
C[Graph C]
D[Graph D]
Correct Answer: A
The correct vector diagram for an R-L circuit shows voltage across resistor (V_R) in phase with current, and voltage across inductor (V_L) leading current by 90 degrees.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7190.A transistor functions mainly as
Aswitch and an amplifier
Brectifier and an amplifier
Ccharge storer and a switch
Dcharge storer and an amplifier
Correct Answer: A
Transistors are used as switches and amplifiers.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7191.A thin wire with heavy weights attached to both ends is hung over a block of ice resting on two supports. If the wire cuts through the ice block while the block remains solid behind the wire, the process is called
Afusion
Bsublimation
Cregulation
Dcondensation
Correct Answer: C
Regulation is the process where ice melts under pressure and refreezes when pressure is removed.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7192.The inner diameter of a small test tube can be measured accurately using a
Amicrometer screw gauge
Bpair of Vernier callipers
Cmetre rule
Dpair of dividers
Correct Answer: B
Vernier callipers can measure internal dimensions accurately.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7193.A platinum resistance thermometer records 3.0 W at 0 degrees C and 8.0 W at 100 degrees C. If it records 6.0 W in a certain environment, the temperature of the medium is
A60 degrees C
B80 degrees C
C50 degrees C
D30 degrees C
Correct Answer: A
Using linear interpolation: (6 - 3) / (8 - 3) = (T - 0) / (100 - 0). 3/5 = T/100. T = 60 degrees C.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7194.In the diagram above, which of the angles theta1, theta2, theta3 and theta4 is the angle of deviation of a ray of light passing through XYZ?
Atheta2
Btheta1
Ctheta3
Dtheta4
Correct Answer: A
The angle of deviation is the angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray, which is theta2.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7195.Which of the following is the dimension of pressure?
Q7196.A capacitor 8 microF is charged to a potential difference of 100V. The energy stored by the capacitor is
A1.0 x 10^4 J
B4.0 x 10^-2 J
C1.25 x 10 J
D8.0 x 10 J
Correct Answer: B
E = 1/2 C V^2 = 1/2 x 8 x 10^-6 x 100^2 = 4 x 10^-2 J.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7197.Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) cathode rays?
AI only
BIII only
CI and II only
DII and III only
Correct Answer: A
Cathode rays are streams of electrons (negative particles) and are deflected by both electric and magnetic fields. Only statement I is correct.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7198.A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 36cm. At what distance from the mirror should an object be placed to give a real image three times the size of the object?
A12 cm
B24 cm
C48 cm
D108 cm
Correct Answer: B
f = R/2 = 18 cm. m = v/u = 3, so v = 3u. 1/f = 1/u + 1/v. 1/18 = 1/u + 1/3u = 4/3u. 3u = 72. u = 24 cm.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7199.The net capacitance in the circuit shown above is
A8.0 microF
B6.0 microF
C2.0 microF
D4.0 microF
Correct Answer: C
The circuit has two 2 microF capacitors in parallel (giving 4 microF) and one 4 microF capacitor in series. The series combination gives (4 x 4)/(4 + 4) = 2 microF.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
2015
Q7200.A sonometer wire of length 100cm under a tension of 10N has a frequency of 250Hz. Keeping the length of the wire constant, the tension is adjusted to produce a new frequency of 350Hz. The new tension is
A5.1 N
B19.6 N
C14.0 N
D7.1 N
Correct Answer: B
f is proportional to sqrt(T). (f2/f1)^2 = T2/T1. (350/250)^2 = T2/10. (1.4)^2 = T2/10. 1.96 = T2/10. T2 = 19.6 N.