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Instruction
JAMB Physics 1997
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7801.Which of the figures below shows the correct distribution of charges on an isolated positively charged hollow metal?
A[Diagram A]
B[Diagram B]
C[Diagram C]
D[Diagram D]
Correct Answer: A
Charges reside on the outer surface of a charged hollow conductor.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7802.Three electric cells each of e.m.f. $1.5 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance $1.0 \Omega$ are connected in parallel across an external resistance of $1 \Omega$. Calculate the value of the current in the resistor.
A$0.5 \mathrm{A}$
B$0.9 \mathrm{A}$
C$1.5 \mathrm{A}$
D$4.5 \mathrm{A}$
Correct Answer: C
$E = 1.5 \mathrm{V}$, $r = \dfrac{1}{3} \Omega$. $I = \dfrac{E}{R + r} = \dfrac{1.5}{1 + 1/3} = \dfrac{1.5}{4/3} = 1.125 \mathrm{A}$. The answer key C is incorrect.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7803.A galvanometer of internal resistance $50 \Omega$ has a full scale deflection for current of $5 \mathrm{mA}$. What is the resistance required to convert it to a voltmeter with full scale deflection of $10 \mathrm{V}$?
Q7804.If $8 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{J}$ of work is required to move $100 \mu\mathrm{C}$ of charge from a point X to a point Y in an electrical circuit, the potential difference between X and Y is
Q7805.In a metre bridge experiment, two resistors $2 \Omega$ and $3 \Omega$ occupy the left and right gaps respectively. Find the balance point from the left side of the bridge.
Q7806.Two $50 \mu\mathrm{F}$ parallel plate capacitors are connected in series. The combined capacitor is then connected across a $100 \mathrm{V}$ battery. The charge on each plate is
A$2.50 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{C}$
B$2.50 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{C}$
C$1.25 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{C}$
D$1.00 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{C}$
Correct Answer: C
$C = \dfrac{50 \times 50}{100} = 25 \mu\mathrm{F}$. $Q = CV = 25 \times 10^{-6} \times 100 = 2.5 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{C}$. The answer key C is incorrect; the correct answer is A.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7807.What is the total electrical energy consumed by using an electric cooker rated $1000 \mathrm{W}$ for $5 \mathrm{hrs}$?
Q7808.The power dissipated in an a.c. circuit with an r.m.s. current of $5 \mathrm{A}$, r.m.s. voltage of $10 \mathrm{V}$ and a phase angle of $60^{\circ}$ is
In a purely inductive circuit, current lags voltage by $90^{\circ}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7811.One of the features of the fission process is that
AIts products are not radioactive
BIt leads to chain reaction
CNeutrons are not released
DThe sum of the masses of the reactants equals the sum of the masses of the products.
Correct Answer: B
Nuclear fission can lead to a chain reaction.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7812.The graphite rods surrounding the uranium fuel rods in a nuclear reactor are used to
AAbsorb the neutrons and hence halt the nuclear process
BCreate the neutrons and hence start up the nuclear process.
CSlow down the neutrons and hence slow the nuclear process.
DSpeed up the neutrons and hence speed up the nuclear process.
Correct Answer: C
Graphite acts as a moderator to slow down neutrons.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1997
Q7813.In a nuclear fusion process, four protons each of mass $M_p$ were fused to produce a nucleus X of mass $M_x$. Which of the following equations is CORRECT?
A$4M_p > M_x$
B$4M_p = M_x$
C$4M_p < M_x$
D$M_p = M_x$
Correct Answer: A
In fusion, mass is converted to energy, so the mass of the products is less than the mass of the reactants.
Instruction
JAMB Physics 1998
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7814.A car of mass $800 \mathrm{kg}$ attains a speed of $25 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ in $20 \mathrm{s}$. The power developed in the engine is
Q7815.A lead bullet of mass $0.05 \mathrm{kg}$ is fired with a velocity of $200 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ into a lead block of mass $0.95 \mathrm{kg}$. Given that the lead block can move freely, the final kinetic energy after impact is
Q7816.A ball of mass $0.1 \mathrm{kg}$ is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of $10 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ from the top of a tower $10 \mathrm{m}$ high. Neglecting air resistance, its total energy just before hitting the ground is $[g = 10 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}]$
A$5 \mathrm{J}$
B$10 \mathrm{J}$
C$15 \mathrm{J}$
D$20 \mathrm{J}$
Correct Answer: C
Total energy $= PE + KE = mgh + \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2 = 0.1 \times 10 \times 10 + \dfrac{1}{2} \times 0.1 \times 10^2 = 10 + 5 = 15 \mathrm{J}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7817.The figure above represents a frictionless pulley system in which a weight W is in equilibrium with a weight of $40 \mathrm{N}$. Find the value of W.
A$13.1 \mathrm{N}$
B$20.0 \mathrm{N}$
C$40.0 \mathrm{N}$
D$80.0 \mathrm{N}$
Correct Answer: D
The pulley system has a velocity ratio of 2. For equilibrium, $W = 2 \times 40 = 80 \mathrm{N}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7818.The diagram above shows a solid figure with base PQ and centre of gravity G on an inclined plane. Which of the following statements is correct?
AThe solid will fall over if the vertical line through G lies outside the base.
BThe solid will fall over if the vertical line through G lies inside the base.
CThe solid will not fall over if the vertical line through G lies outside the base.
DThe solid can never fall over.
Correct Answer: A
A body topples when the vertical line through its centre of gravity falls outside its base.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7819.Two bodies have masses in the ratio $3:1$. They experience forces which impart to them accelerations in the ratio $2:9$ respectively. Find the ratio of the forces the masses experience.
A$1:4$
B$2:1$
C$2:3$
D$2:5$
Correct Answer: C
$F = ma$. $\dfrac{F_1}{F_2} = \dfrac{m_1 a_1}{m_2 a_2} = \dfrac{3}{1} \times \dfrac{2}{9} = \dfrac{6}{9} = \dfrac{2}{3}$. Ratio is $2:3$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7820.The diagram above shows the velocity-time graph of a vehicle. Its acceleration and retardation respectively are
Q7821.A particle of mass $10^{-2} \mathrm{kg}$ is fixed to the tip of a fan blade which rotates with angular velocity of $100 \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$. If the radius of the blade is $0.2 \mathrm{m}$, the centripetal force is
Q7822.The inner diameter of a small test tube can be measured accurately using a
AMicrometer screw gauge
BPair of dividers
CMetre rule
DPair of vernier calipers.
Correct Answer: D
Vernier calipers can measure internal dimensions accurately.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7823.A gas at a volume $V_0$ in a container at pressure $P_0$ is compressed to one-fifth of its volume. What will be its pressure if it maintains its original temperature T?
Q7824.A piece of substance of specific heat capacity $450 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1}\mathrm{K}^{-1}$ falls through a vertical distance of $20 \mathrm{m}$ from rest. Calculate the rise in temperature of the substance on hitting the ground when all its energies are converted into heat. $[g = 10 \mathrm{ms}^{-2}]$
Q7825.The diagram above shows a lift pump with valves at P and Q. During a downward stroke of the piston,
ABoth valves are open
BP is open while Q is closed
CP is closed while Q is open
DBoth valves are closed.
Correct Answer: B
During a downward stroke, the piston moves down, valve P opens and Q closes.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7826.In the J-tube above, Y and X are on the same horizontal level and $30 \mathrm{cm}^3$ of air is trapped above Y when the atmospheric pressure is $75 \mathrm{cm}$ Hg. Calculate the volume of air trapped above Y when $15 \mathrm{cm}$ Hg is now poured into the limb above X.
Q7827.If the stress on a wire is $10^7 \mathrm{Nm}^{-2}$ and the wire is stretched from its original length of $10.00 \mathrm{cm}$ to $10.05 \mathrm{cm}$. The Young's modulus of the wire is
Q7828.A solid weighs $10.0 \mathrm{N}$ in air, $6.0 \mathrm{N}$ when fully immersed in water and $7.0 \mathrm{N}$ when fully immersed in a certain liquid X. Calculate the relative density of the liquid.
A$\dfrac{5}{3}$
B$\dfrac{4}{3}$
C$\dfrac{3}{4}$
D$\dfrac{7}{10}$
Correct Answer: C
Relative density $= \dfrac{\text{Weight loss in liquid}}{\text{Weight loss in water}} = \dfrac{10 - 7}{10 - 6} = \dfrac{3}{4}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7829.I. A liquid boils when its saturated vapour pressure is equal to the external pressure.
AI, II and III
BI, II, III and IV
CI, II and IV
DII, III and IV.
Correct Answer: A
Statements I, II, and III are correct. Statement IV is incorrect.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7830.When the temperature of a liquid is increased, its surface tension
ADecreases
BIncreases
CRemains constant
DIncreases then decreases.
Correct Answer: A
Surface tension decreases with increasing temperature.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7831.When the brakes in a car are applied, the frictional force on the tyres is
AA disadvantage because it is in the direction of motion of the car
BA disadvantage because it is in the opposite direction of motion of the car.
CAn advantage because it is in the direction of motion of the car.
DAn advantage because it is in the opposite direction of motion of the car.
Correct Answer: D
Friction on the tyres opposes motion, which is advantageous for stopping the car.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7832.The lowest note emitted by a stretched string has a frequency of $400 \mathrm{Hz}$. How many overtones are there between $40 \mathrm{Hz}$ and $180 \mathrm{Hz}$?
A4
B3
C2
D1
Correct Answer: B
The overtones are $800, 1200, 1600, \ldots$ None are between $40$ and $180$. The answer key B is incorrect. (Note: This question is flawed).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7833.A man stands $4 \mathrm{m}$ in front of a plane mirror. If the mirror is moved $1 \mathrm{m}$ towards the man, the distance between him and his image is
A$3 \mathrm{m}$
B$5 \mathrm{m}$
C$6 \mathrm{m}$
D$10 \mathrm{m}$
Correct Answer: C
New distance from mirror $= 4 - 1 = 3 \mathrm{m}$. Image distance $= 3 \mathrm{m}$. Total distance $= 3 + 3 = 6 \mathrm{m}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7834.If a sound wave goes from a cold-air region to a hot-air region, its wavelength
AIncreases
BDecreases
CDecreases then increases
DRemains constant
Correct Answer: A
Velocity increases in hot air, so wavelength increases ($v = f\lambda$).
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7835.The inside portion of part of a hollow metal sphere of diameter $20 \mathrm{cm}$ is polished. The portion will therefore form a
AConcave mirror of focal length $5 \mathrm{cm}$
BConcave mirror of focal length $10 \mathrm{cm}$
CConvex mirror of focal length $5 \mathrm{cm}$
DConvex mirror of focal length $20 \mathrm{cm}$
Correct Answer: A
The polished inner surface forms a concave mirror. $f = \dfrac{R}{2} = \dfrac{10}{2} = 5 \mathrm{cm}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7836.The equation of a wave traveling along the positive x-direction is given by $y = 0.25 \times 10^{-3} \sin(500t - 0.025x)$. Determine the angular frequency of the wave motion.
A$0.25 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$
B$0.25 \times 10^{-1} \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$
C$5.00 \times 10^2 \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$
D$2.50 \times 10^2 \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$
Correct Answer: C
Comparing with $y = A\sin(\omega t - kx)$, $\omega = 500 = 5.00 \times 10^2 \mathrm{rads}^{-1}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7837.Calculate the mass of ice that would melt when $2 \mathrm{kg}$ of copper is quickly transferred from boiling water to a block of ice without heat loss. [Specific heat capacity of copper $= 400 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1}\mathrm{K}^{-1}$; Latent heat of fusion of ice $= 3.3 \times 10^5 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1}$]
A$\dfrac{8}{33} \mathrm{kg}$
B$\dfrac{33}{80} \mathrm{kg}$
C$\dfrac{80}{33} \mathrm{kg}$
D$\dfrac{33}{8} \mathrm{kg}$
Correct Answer: A
Heat lost by copper $= 2 \times 400 \times 100 = 80000 \mathrm{J}$. Mass of ice melted $= \dfrac{80000}{3.3 \times 10^5} = \dfrac{8}{33} \mathrm{kg}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7838.The diagram above represents a transverse electromagnetic wave traveling with speed $3.0 \times 10^8 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$. What is the frequency of the wave?
A$3.0 \times 10^7 \mathrm{Hz}$
B$90 \times 10^7 \mathrm{Hz}$
C$1.0 \times 10^9 \mathrm{Hz}$
D$3.0 \times 10^9 \mathrm{Hz}$
Correct Answer: C
From the diagram, wavelength $\lambda = 0.3 \mathrm{m}$. $f = \dfrac{v}{\lambda} = \dfrac{3.0 \times 10^8}{0.3} = 1.0 \times 10^9 \mathrm{Hz}$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7839.The temperature gradient across a copper rod of thickness $0.02 \mathrm{m}$, maintained at two temperature junctions of $20^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ and $80^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ respectively is
Q7840.The diagram above shows a magnet X with its South pole moved along a soft-iron bar PQ in the direction shown. After some time, the poles at P and Q respectively are
ANorth-North
BNorth-South
CSouth-North
DSouth-South
Correct Answer: B
The end near the S-pole becomes N, so P is N. The far end Q is S.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7841.Four cells each of e.m.f. $1.5 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance of $4 \Omega$ are connected in parallel. What is the effective e.m.f. and internal resistance of the combination?
A$6.0 \mathrm{V}$, $16 \Omega$
B$6.0 \mathrm{V}$, $1 \Omega$
C$1.5 \mathrm{V}$, $4 \Omega$
D$1.5 \mathrm{V}$, $1 \Omega$
Correct Answer: D
For cells in parallel, effective e.m.f. $= 1.5 \mathrm{V}$. Internal resistance $= \dfrac{4}{4} = 1 \Omega$.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7842.In the circuit above, the ammeter reads a current of $5.0 \mathrm{A}$ when $R = 8 \Omega$ and reads $7.0 \mathrm{A}$ when $R = 5 \Omega$. The value of the unknown resistance X is
Q7843.An astronomical telescope is said to be in normal adjustment when the
AEye is accommodated
BFocal length of objective lens is longer than that of eye piece
CFinal image is at the near point of eye
DFinal image is at infinity.
Correct Answer: D
In normal adjustment, the final image is at infinity.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7844.Steel is more suitable for permanent magnet than iron because the former
AIs easily demagnetized by shaking vigorously
BIs an alloy of many metals
CIs easily magnetized by alternating current through one cycle
DRetains magnetism more than iron.
Correct Answer: D
Steel retains magnetism better than iron.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7845.The diagram above shows the prism arrangement in a
ABinocular
BSpectrometer
CPeriscope
DProjector
Correct Answer: C
The prism arrangement shown is for a periscope.
JAMB (UTME)
Physics
1998
Q7846.The velocities of light in air and glass are $3.0 \times 10^8 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ and $2.0 \times 10^8 \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ respectively. If the angle of refraction is $30^{\circ}$, the sine of the angle of incidence is
Q7847.In the series a.c. circuit shown above, the p.d across the inductor is $8 \mathrm{V}$ r.m.s. and across the resistor is $6 \mathrm{V}$ r.m.s. The effective voltage is