Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1601.
What is the main function of soil in plant growth?
A
Provide water only
B
Provide nutrients only
C
Provide a medium for root growth
D
Provide light for plants
Correct Answer: C
Soil serves as a medium where roots can grow and access nutrients and water.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1602.
Which of the following is NOT a type of irrigation?
A
Drip irrigation
B
Sprinkler irrigation
C
Rain irrigation
D
Flood irrigation
Correct Answer: C
Rain irrigation is natural rainfall, not a man-made irrigation method.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1603.
Which animal is commonly raised for milk production in rural areas?
A
Goat
B
Chicken
C
Cow
D
Pig
Correct Answer: C
Cows are the main source of milk in many rural communities.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1604.
What is the main purpose of using a tractor on a farm?
A
To harvest fruit
B
To plough land
C
To feed animals
D
To store grain
Correct Answer: B
Tractors are used to plough, till, and move heavy loads on farms.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1605.
Which of the following is a symptom of fungal disease in plants?
A
Yellow leaves
B
Brown spots on leaves
C
Stunted growth
D
Both B and C
Correct Answer: D
Brown spots and stunted growth are common signs of fungal infections.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1606.
Which of these is an example of a green manure crop?
A
Maize
B
Soybean
C
Legume
D
Wheat
Correct Answer: C
Leguminous plants fix nitrogen and are used as green manure.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1607.
What does the term "organic farming" refer to?
A
Farming with chemical fertilizers only
B
Farming without chemical pesticides
C
Farming using only solar energy
D
Farming with no irrigation
Correct Answer: B
Organic farming avoids synthetic pesticides and relies on natural methods.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1608.
Which tool is used to measure the depth of soil moisture?
A
Thermometer
B
Hygrometer
C
Moisture meter
D
Barometer
Correct Answer: C
A moisture meter is used to determine how much water is in the soil.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1609.
Which of the following is a benefit of crop rotation?
A
Decreases soil fertility
B
Increases pest infestation
C
Improves soil health
D
Reduces water usage
Correct Answer: C
Crop rotation helps maintain soil nutrients and reduces pest buildup.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1610.
Which animal is a common source of protein in many households?
A
Sheep
B
Fish
C
Pig
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Sheep, fish, and pigs are all common protein sources in rural diets.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1611.
What is the main reason for using mulch around plants?
A
To attract insects
B
To reduce soil erosion
C
To increase sunlight exposure
D
To increase soil temperature
Correct Answer: B
Mulch helps retain moisture and reduces erosion of the soil surface.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1612.
Which of the following is an example of a root crop?
A
Tomato
B
Potato
C
Banana
D
Pepper
Correct Answer: B
Potatoes are a root crop harvested from underground tubers.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1613.
Which device is used to measure the temperature of the air around a farm?
A
Thermometer
B
Hygrometer
C
Barometer
D
Altimeter
Correct Answer: A
A thermometer measures air temperature, important for crop planning.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1614.
What is the main component of animal feed for cattle?
A
Corn
B
Grass
C
Wheat bran
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Cattle feed can include corn, grass, wheat bran, and other grains.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1615.
Which of the following is a pest that commonly attacks rice seedlings?
A
Locust
B
Army worm
C
Aphids
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: B
The army worm is a major pest that destroys rice seedlings.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1616.
What is the purpose of using a seed drill?
A
To plant seeds at uniform depth and spacing
B
To harvest grains
C
To fertilise soil
D
To irrigate fields
Correct Answer: A
A seed drill ensures even seed placement for optimal growth.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1617.
Which of the following is a type of livestock that is raised for meat production?
A
Goat
B
Cow
C
Chicken
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Goats, cows, and chickens are all raised for meat in many areas.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1618.
Which of the following is a natural predator that helps control insect pests?
A
Ladybug
B
Rat
C
Cow
D
Dog
Correct Answer: A
Ladybugs feed on aphids and other soft-bodied pests, protecting crops.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1619.
What is the main function of a threshing machine?
A
To plant seeds
B
To separate grain from stalks
C
To irrigate fields
D
To fertilise soil
Correct Answer: B
A threshing machine removes grain from the stalks after harvest.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1620.
Which of the following is an example of a drought-resistant crop?
A
Rice
B
Sorghum
C
Wheat
D
Maize
Correct Answer: B
Sorghum can thrive in dry conditions and is a drought-resistant crop.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1621.
What is the main benefit of using compost in agriculture?
A
It provides pest control
B
It improves soil fertility
C
It increases soil acidity
D
It reduces crop yield
Correct Answer: B
Compost adds organic matter and nutrients, enhancing soil fertility.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1622.
Which of the following is a common method of pest control that uses chemicals?
A
Biological control
B
Cultural control
C
Chemical control
D
Mechanical control
Correct Answer: C
Chemical control uses pesticides and other chemicals to kill pests.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1623.
Which of the following is a major nutrient required by plants?
A
Calcium
B
Oxygen
C
Sodium
D
Hydrogen
Correct Answer: A
Calcium is an essential macro‑nutrient for plant growth.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1624.
Which of the following is a tool used to cut grass?
A
Hoe
B
Scythe
C
Pickaxe
D
Spade
Correct Answer: B
A scythe is a traditional tool for cutting grass and hay.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1625.
Which of the following is a type of irrigation that delivers water directly to the plant root zone?
A
Sprinkler irrigation
B
Drip irrigation
C
Flood irrigation
D
Surface irrigation
Correct Answer: B
Drip irrigation provides water directly to the roots, conserving water.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1626.
Which of the following is a common disease that affects maize leaves?
A
Mosaic virus
B
Blight
C
Rust
D
Both A and C
Correct Answer: D
Maize can suffer from both mosaic virus and rust diseases.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1627.
Which of the following is a major benefit of using greenhouses?
A
They increase pest infestation
B
They reduce crop production
C
They allow year‑round production
D
They eliminate the need for irrigation
Correct Answer: C
Greenhouses protect crops from weather, enabling continuous production.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1628.
What is the main purpose of planting crops in agriculture?
A
To make food for people
B
To decorate the land
C
To create noise
D
To make the soil wet
Correct Answer: A
Crops are grown mainly to produce food for human consumption.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1629.
Which of the following is a benefit of using compost in farming?
A
It increases soil acidity
B
It provides nutrients to plants
C
It removes all weeds instantly
D
It reduces sunlight reaching the ground
Correct Answer: B
Compost enriches soil with nutrients, helping plants grow.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1630.
What is a greenhouse?
A
A type of farm animal
B
A structure that protects plants from weather
C
A tool for measuring rainfall
D
A machine that harvests crops
Correct Answer: B
A greenhouse is a glass or plastic building that shelters plants.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1631.
Which of these is a common vegetable grown in many homes?
A
Pineapple
B
Tomato
C
Banana
D
Orange
Correct Answer: B
Tomatoes are a common vegetable grown in household gardens.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1632.
What is the function of irrigation in agriculture?
A
To water plants when rain is insufficient
B
To scare away pests
C
To cool down the soil only
D
To increase the size of animals
Correct Answer: A
Irrigation supplies water to plants when natural rainfall is low.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1633.
Which of the following is a type of soil that is rich in nutrients?
A
Sandy soil
B
Clay soil
C
Loam soil
D
Gravel soil
Correct Answer: C
Loam soil has a balanced mix of sand, silt, and clay, making it fertile.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1634.
What does the term "crop rotation" mean?
A
Planting the same crop every year
B
Planting different crops in the same field over time
C
Rotating the farm equipment
D
Rotating the workers' shifts
Correct Answer: B
Crop rotation involves changing the type of crop grown to maintain soil health.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1635.
Which of these is a major source of protein for humans?
A
Water
B
Bread
C
Meat
D
Salt
Correct Answer: C
Meat provides a high amount of protein needed by the body.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1636.
What is the main use of livestock in agriculture?
A
To produce milk, meat, and eggs
B
To decorate farms
C
To grow crops
D
To provide shade for workers
Correct Answer: A
Livestock such as cows, chickens, and goats are raised for their products.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1637.
Which of these is a benefit of planting trees on a farm?
A
They produce noise
B
They reduce soil erosion
C
They block sunlight completely
D
They increase soil acidity
Correct Answer: B
Trees stabilize soil and prevent erosion caused by wind and water.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1638.
What is a seed?
A
The fruit of a plant
B
The root of a plant
C
A small part that can grow into a new plant
D
The stem of a plant
Correct Answer: C
Seeds contain the embryo of a plant and can develop into a new plant.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1639.
Which of the following is NOT a type of crop?
A
Cereals
B
Fruits
C
Minerals
D
Vegetables
Correct Answer: C
Minerals are not crops; crops include cereals, fruits, and vegetables.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1640.
What does "organic farming" emphasize?
A
Using only chemical fertilizers
B
Using natural methods and avoiding chemicals
C
Growing only tomatoes
D
Planting crops in a straight line
Correct Answer: B
Organic farming relies on natural processes and avoids synthetic chemicals.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1641.
Which of these is a major pest that attacks rice plants?
A
Butterflies
B
Rice stem borer
C
Sunflowers
D
Bees
Correct Answer: B
The rice stem borer is a common insect that damages rice crops.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1642.
What is the purpose of a farm tractor?
A
To water plants by hand
B
To plough and move heavy loads
C
To scare away birds
D
To bake bread
Correct Answer: B
Tractors are machines used for ploughing, tilling, and transporting materials.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1643.
Which of these is a benefit of using mulch in gardening?
A
It attracts pests
B
It keeps the soil moist and reduces weeds
C
It dries the soil quickly
D
It makes the soil more acidic
Correct Answer: B
Mulch retains moisture and suppresses weed growth.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1644.
What does the term "fertilizer" refer to?
A
A type of seed
B
A substance that adds nutrients to soil
C
A tool for cutting grass
D
A type of pest
Correct Answer: B
Fertilizers supply essential nutrients to improve plant growth.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1645.
Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that affects agriculture?
A
Oxygen
B
Nitrogen
C
Carbon dioxide
D
Helium
Correct Answer: C
Carbon dioxide influences plant growth and climate change affecting farming.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1646.
What is the main role of a farmer?
A
To design buildings
B
To grow crops and raise animals
C
To paint houses
D
To drive trucks only
Correct Answer: B
Farmers cultivate crops and manage livestock for food production.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1647.
Which of the following is an example of a legume?
A
Corn
B
Beans
C
Wheat
D
Potato
Correct Answer: B
Beans belong to the legume family and fix nitrogen in soil.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1648.
What is the term for the period when a plant starts to grow after a seed is planted?
A
Dormancy
B
Germination
C
Decay
D
Harvest
Correct Answer: B
Germination is the process of seed sprouting into a new plant.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1649.
Which of these is a common tool used to measure rainfall on a farm?
A
Thermometer
B
Barometer
C
Rain gauge
D
Speedometer
Correct Answer: C
A rain gauge records the amount of rainfall for agricultural planning.
Junior Certificate Examination
Agricultural Science
Q1650.
What is the main function of a farm's irrigation system?
A
To provide shade for animals
B
To supply water to crops efficiently
C
To keep the farm clean
D
To create noise
Correct Answer: B
Irrigation systems deliver water to plants when natural rain is insufficient.