Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1301.
Which of the following is a key advantage of using a CNC machine over manual machining?
A
Requires more manual labor
B
Greater precision and repeatability
C
Lower operating cost
D
Simpler operation
Correct Answer: B
CNC machines offer high precision and consistent production.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1302.
In a basic electrical circuit diagram, a symbol that looks like a triangle pointing to a line represents:
A
Resistor
B
Capacitor
C
Inductor
D
Transformer
Correct Answer: D
The triangle symbol indicates a transformer in circuit diagrams.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1303.
Which of the following is a typical use of a heat sink in electronic devices?
A
To increase heat generation
B
To dissipate heat from components
C
To store electrical charge
D
To provide structural support
Correct Answer: B
Heat sinks absorb and radiate heat away from components.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1304.
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A
To increase voltage
B
To limit current and protect against overload
C
To store energy
D
To convert AC to DC
Correct Answer: B
A fuse melts when current exceeds safe limits, protecting the circuit.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1305.
Which of the following is NOT a type of material used in basic technology projects?
A
Wood
B
Plastic
C
Glass
D
Water
Correct Answer: D
Water is a substance, not a material used for constructing objects in basic technology.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1306.
In the design process, what is the first step a student should take?
A
Create a prototype
B
Identify the problem
C
Select materials
D
Test the solution
Correct Answer: B
Identifying the problem establishes the purpose before moving to design.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1307.
Which tool is used to make straight cuts in a wooden board?
A
Chisel
B
Saw
C
Drill
D
Hammer
Correct Answer: B
A saw cuts wood straight; a chisel is for carving, a drill for holes, a hammer for pounding.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1308.
What does the abbreviation “CAD” stand for in engineering?
A
Computer Aided Design
B
Centralized Assembly Department
C
Conventional Automatic Drafting
D
Computer Assisted Drafting
Correct Answer: A
CAD is Computer Aided Design, a software used to create drawings.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1309.
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
A
Coal
B
Natural gas
C
Solar power
D
Oil
Correct Answer: C
Solar power comes from the sun and is renewable; coal, gas, and oil are non‑renewable.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1310.
In a simple electric circuit, what component limits the flow of current?
A
Resistor
B
Capacitor
C
Inductor
D
Diode
Correct Answer: A
A resistor offers resistance to current flow; capacitors store charge, inductors oppose change, diodes allow one‑way flow.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1311.
Which safety precaution is essential before using a hot glue gun?
A
Wearing gloves
B
Using a safety visor
C
Keeping the nozzle clean
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Gloves protect hands, a visor protects eyes, and a clean nozzle prevents clogging.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1312.
What is the main function of a heat sink in electronics?
A
To increase temperature
B
To dissipate heat
C
To store electricity
D
To amplify signals
Correct Answer: B
A heat sink draws heat away from components to keep them cool.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1313.
Which of the following is an example of a composite material?
A
Pure steel
B
Wood
C
Fiberglass
D
Aluminum alloy
Correct Answer: C
Fiberglass combines glass fibers with a resin matrix, making it a composite.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1314.
What does the term “sustainable development” refer to?
A
Using resources faster than they can be replenished
B
Meeting present needs without compromising future generations
C
Building only in urban areas
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Sustainable development balances current use with future resource availability.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1315.
In a three‑phase power system, what is the phase difference between each phase?
Correct Answer: D
Three‑phase systems separate phases by 120 degrees to provide smooth power.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1316.
Which of the following is a characteristic of biodegradable plastics?
A
They last forever
B
They decompose naturally over time
C
They are made from petroleum
D
They are indestructible
Correct Answer: B
Biodegradable plastics break down by natural processes, unlike conventional plastics.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1317.
Which tool would you use to measure the thickness of a sheet of metal?
A
Caliper
B
Ruler
C
Protractor
D
Scale
Correct Answer: A
A caliper accurately measures small dimensions such as thickness.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1318.
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A
To increase voltage
B
To protect against overcurrent
C
To store energy
D
To convert AC to DC
Correct Answer: B
A fuse melts when current exceeds safe limits, stopping the circuit.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1319.
In woodworking, which joint is known for its strength and ease of construction?
A
Dovetail
B
Mortise and tenon
C
Butt joint
D
Lap joint
Correct Answer: B
Mortise and tenon interlock and provide a strong joint, though slightly more complex than a butt joint.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1320.
Which of the following is NOT a type of plastic commonly used in everyday items?
Correct Answer: D
Iron is a metal, not a plastic.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1321.
When designing a simple machine, the principle of leverage is illustrated by which example?
A
Screw
B
Pulley
C
Lever
D
Inclined plane
Correct Answer: C
A lever amplifies force using a pivot point; the other options illustrate different machines.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1322.
What is the primary benefit of using a laminated board in construction?
A
It is heavier
B
It has high moisture resistance
C
It is more expensive
D
It is softer
Correct Answer: B
Lamination creates a board that resists warping and moisture damage.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1323.
In the context of information technology, what does “cloud computing” refer to?
A
Local servers only
B
Remote servers accessed over the internet
C
Physical cloud storage devices
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Cloud computing uses remote servers for storage, processing, and services via the internet.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1324.
Which of the following is a benefit of using LED lighting over incandescent bulbs?
A
Higher energy consumption
B
Longer lifespan
C
Lower brightness
D
Greater heat output
Correct Answer: B
LEDs use less energy and last longer than incandescent bulbs.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1325.
In a project that requires a waterproof seal, which material would be most appropriate?
A
Cotton
B
Rubber
C
Paper
D
Silk
Correct Answer: B
Rubber is flexible and water‑resistant, suitable for sealing.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1326.
Which of the following best describes the function of a capacitor in a circuit?
A
To provide current
B
To store electrical energy
C
To convert AC to DC
D
To generate magnetic fields
Correct Answer: B
A capacitor stores charge and releases it when needed.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1327.
What is the main advantage of using a CNC machine in manufacturing?
A
It requires manual labor
B
It increases human error
C
It allows precise and repeatable cuts
D
It is slower than hand tools
Correct Answer: C
CNC machines automate cutting, improving precision and consistency.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1328.
In the Nigerian Basic Technology curriculum, the term “technological literacy” refers to:
A
Knowing how to use all tools
B
Understanding the impact of technology on society
C
Memorizing technical terms
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Technological literacy includes knowledge of how technology affects life and society.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1329.
Which safety device is used to protect the eyes when working with power tools?
A
Helmet
B
Safety glasses
C
Earplugs
D
Gloves
Correct Answer: B
Safety glasses shield the eyes from debris and sparks.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1330.
What is the most common method for joining two metal pieces in basic technology?
A
Welding
B
Gluing
C
Sewing
D
Baking
Correct Answer: A
Welding fuses metals together by melting them; gluing and sewing are unsuitable for metal.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1331.
Which of the following is an example of a non‑renewable resource?
A
Solar energy
B
Wind energy
C
Fossil fuels
D
Biomass
Correct Answer: C
Fossil fuels are finite and deplete over time, unlike renewable sources.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1332.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good tool in the manufacturing process?
A
Ergonomic design
B
Corrosion resistance
C
High cost
D
Appropriate size
Correct Answer: C
A good tool should be ergonomic, corrosion resistant and appropriately sized; high cost does not describe a characteristic of a good tool.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1333.
In the context of Basic Technology, the term "safety" primarily refers to:
A
Protecting the environment
B
Protecting the user from injury
C
Protecting the product from damage
D
Protecting the tool from wear
Correct Answer: B
Safety in technology is mainly about protecting the user and others from injury during use of tools and materials.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1334.
Which unit of measurement is most commonly used to express the length of a wooden board?
A
Kilogram
B
Meter
C
Celsius
D
Lumen
Correct Answer: B
Length is measured in meters (or centimeters), not mass, temperature, or light.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1335.
When designing a simple machine, the principle of "leverage" is used to:
A
Increase the speed of rotation
B
Reduce the required input force
C
Control the temperature of the system
D
Measure the weight of the load
Correct Answer: B
Leverage allows a small input force to move a larger load by using a lever arm.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1336.
Which material is best suited for making a flexible, waterproof bag?
A
Steel
B
Plastic
C
Wood
D
Glass
Correct Answer: B
Plastic is flexible and waterproof, whereas steel, wood, and glass are rigid and not waterproof.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1337.
In a simple pulleys system, the mechanical advantage is calculated by:
A
Number of pulleys
B
Weight of the load
C
Length of the rope
D
Height of the pulley
Correct Answer: A
The mechanical advantage of a pulley system equals the number of rope segments supporting the load.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1338.
Which of the following is a renewable resource used in technology?
A
Coal
B
Oil
C
Wind
D
Natural gas
Correct Answer: C
Wind is a renewable energy source; the others are fossil fuels.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1339.
The term "sustainability" in Basic Technology refers to:
A
Using resources as fast as possible
B
Using resources in a way that does not deplete them
C
Replacing all materials with synthetic ones
D
Avoiding any form of recycling
Correct Answer: B
Sustainability means using resources responsibly to avoid depletion.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1340.
What is the primary purpose of a safety guard on a power saw?
A
To improve cutting speed
B
To protect the blade from rust
C
To prevent accidental contact with the blade
D
To reduce noise
Correct Answer: C
Safety guards shield users from accidental contact with the moving blade.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1341.
In the Nigerian Basic Technology curriculum, the concept of "design" includes:
A
Only drawing the final product
B
Planning, drawing, and evaluating a product
C
Choosing colors for a product
D
Selecting a marketing strategy
Correct Answer: B
Design encompasses planning, drawing, and evaluating a product, not just drawing or marketing.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1342.
Which of the following is a non-metallic material that can be used for electrical insulation?
A
Copper
B
Rubber
C
Iron
D
Aluminum
Correct Answer: B
Rubber is non-metallic and provides good electrical insulation.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1343.
In a simple lever, the fulcrum is:
A
The load
B
The effort
C
The pivot point
D
The lever arm
Correct Answer: C
The fulcrum is the pivot point around which the lever rotates.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1344.
Which of the following tools is used to measure angles accurately?
A
Ruler
B
Protractor
C
Compass
D
Scale
Correct Answer: B
A protractor measures angles, while the others are used for length, navigation, and weight.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1345.
Which type of joint is commonly used to connect two wooden boards in carpentry?
A
Riveted joint
B
Wedge joint
C
Mortise and tenon joint
D
Welded joint
Correct Answer: C
Mortise and tenon is a traditional woodworking joint; rivets and welds are metal, wedges are not typical.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1346.
In the context of environmental technology, "recycling" refers to:
A
Using a product only once
B
Reusing a product in its original form
C
Processing used materials into new products
D
Disposing of waste in a landfill
Correct Answer: C
Recycling turns used materials into new products, reducing waste.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1347.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a simple machine called a "inclined plane"?
A
It increases force required to lift a load
B
It reduces the speed of motion
C
It changes the direction of force
D
It changes a vertical motion into a horizontal one
Correct Answer: D
An inclined plane allows a load to be raised by moving it along a slope, changing vertical motion to horizontal.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1348.
The term "ergonomics" in technology primarily deals with:
A
The cost of production
B
The environmental impact of products
C
The comfort and safety of users
D
The color of finished goods
Correct Answer: C
Ergonomics focuses on designing for human comfort and safety.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1349.
Which of the following best describes the process of "casting" in manufacturing?
A
Cutting a piece of metal into shape
B
Pouring molten material into a mold
C
Assembling pre-made components
D
Welding two pieces together
Correct Answer: B
Casting involves pouring molten material into a mold to solidify into shape.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1350.
In a gear system, the gear ratio is determined by:
A
The number of teeth on the input gear
B
The number of teeth on the output gear
C
The ratio of the number of teeth of the output gear to the input gear
D
The size of the gears only
Correct Answer: C
Gear ratio equals output teeth divided by input teeth, affecting speed and torque.