Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1351.
Which of the following is a non-violent method of protecting a tool from rust?
A
Painting with oil-based paint
B
Applying a clear coat
C
Leaving it exposed to air
D
Using a rust remover chemical
Correct Answer: B
A clear coat protects metal surfaces from moisture, preventing rust.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1352.
The basic principle behind a "lever" is:
A
Conservation of energy
B
Conservation of mass
C
Conservation of momentum
D
Conservation of force
Correct Answer: A
Levers transfer force and work; energy is conserved in an ideal lever.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1353.
Which of the following is a key factor when selecting a material for a structural component?
A
Color preference
B
Weight and strength
C
Price only
D
Availability of tools
Correct Answer: B
Structural components require consideration of weight and strength, not just color or price.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1354.
In Basic Technology, "prototype" refers to:
A
The final product ready for sale
B
An early model used for testing
C
A theoretical concept only
D
A type of raw material
Correct Answer: B
A prototype is an early version used to test design before mass production.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1355.
The term "mechanical advantage" is calculated by:
A
Effort divided by load
B
Load divided by effort
C
Effort times load
D
Effort minus load
Correct Answer: B
Mechanical advantage equals load divided by effort; it shows how much a machine multiplies force.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1356.
Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source used in Basic Technology?
A
Coal
B
Solar radiation
C
Natural gas
D
Petroleum
Correct Answer: B
Solar radiation is renewable, unlike coal, natural gas, or petroleum.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1357.
In the Nigerian curriculum, "fabrication" primarily involves:
A
Painting walls
B
Cutting and shaping materials
C
Writing reports
D
Marketing products
Correct Answer: B
Fabrication refers to cutting, shaping, and assembling materials to create a product.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1358.
Which safety device should be used to protect eyes when using a grinder?
A
Gloves
B
Earplugs
C
Safety goggles
D
Protective clothing
Correct Answer: C
Safety goggles protect the eyes from sparks and debris when grinding.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1359.
In a simple machine called a "screw," the mechanical advantage is:
A
Equal to the number of turns per unit length
B
Equal to the pitch of the screw
C
Equal to the ratio of the circumference to the pitch
D
Equal to the length of the screw
Correct Answer: C
Mechanical advantage of a screw equals circumference divided by pitch, indicating how many turns move the load one pitch.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1360.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a ductile material?
A
It can be drawn into a wire.
B
It can withstand high compression.
C
It can be bent without breaking.
D
It can undergo significant plastic deformation before fracture.
Correct Answer: B
Ductile materials are good at bending and stretching; they do not primarily resist high compression.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1361.
In a simple electrical circuit, if a resistor of 5 Ω is connected to a 10 V supply, what is the current through the resistor?
Correct Answer: A
Using Ohm’s law $I=\frac{V}{R}=\frac{10}{5}=2$ A.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1362.
Which tool is best suited for making a straight, precise cut in a wooden board?
A
Hand saw
B
Circular saw
C
Jigsaw
D
Table saw
Correct Answer: D
A table saw provides a straight, stable cutting surface ideal for precise cuts.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1363.
A piece of metal that can be hammered into thin sheets is called:
A
Brittle
B
Ductile
C
Hard
D
Porous
Correct Answer: B
Ductile metals can be shaped by hammering without breaking.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1364.
Which of the following is a non-electrical method for measuring length?
A
Ruler
B
Multimeter
C
Oscilloscope
D
Ammeter
Correct Answer: A
A ruler is a mechanical measuring instrument, not electrical.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1365.
In a series circuit, the total resistance is:
A
The sum of individual resistances.
B
The product of individual resistances.
C
The largest resistance only.
D
The smallest resistance only.
Correct Answer: A
Resistances add in series: $R_{\text{total}}=R_1+R_2+\dots$.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1366.
Which of the following fabrics is best suited for a summer dress?
A
Wool
B
Cotton
C
Leather
D
Velvet
Correct Answer: B
Cotton is breathable and suitable for warm weather.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1367.
A lever with the fulcrum placed near the load is known as a:
A
First class lever
B
Second class lever
C
Third class lever
D
Mechanical advantage lever
Correct Answer: B
In a second‑class lever, the load is between the fulcrum and effort, giving a high mechanical advantage.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1368.
Which safety device should be used when working with a drill?
A
Safety glasses
B
Earplugs
C
Work gloves
D
All of the above
Correct Answer: D
All listed items protect against different hazards during drilling.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1369.
What is the primary function of a capacitor in an electronic circuit?
A
Store electric charge
B
Convert AC to DC
C
Amplify signals
D
Regulate voltage
Correct Answer: A
A capacitor stores energy in an electric field and releases it when needed.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1370.
Which of the following is an example of a composite material?
A
Pure aluminum alloy
B
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer
C
Pure copper
D
Glass fiber
Correct Answer: B
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer combines carbon fibers with a polymer matrix.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1371.
When designing a simple machine, the principle of mechanical advantage is used to:
A
Reduce the effort needed to move a load.
B
Increase the speed of operation.
C
Improve the durability of the machine.
D
Decrease the power consumption.
Correct Answer: A
Mechanical advantage allows a smaller input force to move a larger load.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1372.
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each branch is:
A
Different for each branch.
B
The same across all branches.
C
Zero.
D
Twice the supply voltage.
Correct Answer: B
All branches in parallel share the same potential difference.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1373.
Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
A
Coal
B
Natural gas
C
Solar power
D
Oil
Correct Answer: C
Solar energy is renewable because it is continuously replenished by the sun.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1374.
A tool that is used to join two pieces of wood by driving a nail into them is called:
A
Saw
B
Hammer
C
Chisel
D
Plane
Correct Answer: B
A hammer drives nails to join wood.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1375.
Which of the following statements about a diode is true?
A
It allows current to flow in both directions.
B
It blocks current in one direction.
C
It amplifies current.
D
It stores electric charge.
Correct Answer: B
A diode conducts current in one direction and blocks it in the other.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1376.
Which of the following tools is used to measure angles?
A
Caliper
B
Protractor
C
Ruler
D
Micrometer
Correct Answer: B
A protractor measures angles.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1377.
In a basic electronic project, which component is used to smooth out voltage fluctuations?
A
Resistor
B
Inductor
C
Capacitor
D
Diode
Correct Answer: C
Capacitors filter and smooth voltage spikes.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1378.
Which type of joint in woodworking is known for its strength and is used in frames?
A
Butt joint
B
Dovetail joint
C
Lap joint
D
Box joint
Correct Answer: B
Dovetail joints interlock and provide strong resistance to pulling apart.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1379.
The process of removing material from a workpiece by cutting or grinding is called:
A
Machining
B
Joining
C
Casting
D
Forming
Correct Answer: A
Machining includes cutting, drilling, and grinding operations.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1380.
What is the main purpose of a circuit breaker in an electrical system?
A
To increase voltage
B
To protect against overcurrent
C
To measure current
D
To store energy
Correct Answer: B
Circuit breakers interrupt current flow when it exceeds safe limits.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1381.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a brittle material?
A
It can be stretched into a wire.
B
It fractures with little plastic deformation.
C
It has high ductility.
D
It is highly conductive.
Correct Answer: B
Brittle materials break without significant plastic deformation.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1382.
When using a jigsaw to cut a curved shape, which safety precaution is most important?
A
Wear gloves
B
Use a blade guard
C
Keep the blade sharp
D
Use a steady hand
Correct Answer: B
A blade guard protects the operator from the spinning blade.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1383.
In a simple machine, the input force is applied at the:
A
Fulcrum
B
Load
C
Effort
D
Output
Correct Answer: C
The effort is the force applied to move the load.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1384.
Which of the following tools is best for measuring the diameter of a circle?
A
Caliper
B
Ruler
C
Protractor
D
Micrometer
Correct Answer: A
A caliper can measure diameters accurately.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1385.
Which component is used in a basic electronic circuit to provide a fixed resistance value?
A
Capacitor
B
Resistor
C
Inductor
D
Transistor
Correct Answer: B
Resistors set the resistance in a circuit.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1386.
When selecting a material for a bridge, engineers consider:
A
Color only
B
Weight and strength only
C
Strength, durability, and cost
D
None of the above
Correct Answer: C
All listed factors influence material choice for bridges.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1387.
In the context of Basic Technology, the term "prototype" refers to:
A
The final product only.
B
A preliminary model used for testing.
C
A theoretical design.
D
A finished prototype.
Correct Answer: B
A prototype is an early model used to evaluate design and function.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1388.
Which of the following is a common safety hazard when using a circular saw?
A
Electrical shock
B
Fire risk
C
Blade kickback
D
Overheating of the motor
Correct Answer: C
Blade kickback can occur if the saw is not used correctly, posing a serious danger.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1389.
Which of the following is a non-metallic material commonly used in building construction for its thermal insulation properties?
A
Steel
B
Concrete
C
Wood
D
Fiberglass
Correct Answer: D
Fiberglass is a non-metallic material with excellent thermal insulation properties, making it suitable for building construction.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1390.
In the context of basic technology, what does the term "sustainability" primarily refer to?
A
Using more resources to increase productivity
B
Maintaining the quality of a product for a short period
C
Meeting present needs without compromising future generations
D
Reducing the cost of production at all costs
Correct Answer: C
Sustainability means meeting current needs while ensuring future generations can also meet theirs, without depleting resources.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1391.
Which tool is best suited for cutting wood with a straight, clean edge?
A
Hammer
B
Saw
C
Screwdriver
D
Pliers
Correct Answer: B
A saw is designed to cut wood cleanly and straight, unlike the other tools listed.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1392.
In a basic design process, the stage that involves creating a detailed drawing of a product is called?
A
Ideation
B
Prototyping
C
Drafting
D
Testing
Correct Answer: C
Drafting is the stage where detailed drawings of the product are produced.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1393.
What type of machine is a lathe used for?
A
Cutting metal sheets
B
Drilling holes in wood
C
Shaping a workpiece by rotating it against a cutting tool
D
Welding metal parts
Correct Answer: C
A lathe rotates the workpiece while a cutting tool shapes it, typically used for cylindrical shapes.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1394.
Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source?
A
Coal
B
Oil
C
Solar power
D
Natural gas
Correct Answer: C
Solar power is renewable because it uses sunlight, which is continually replenished.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1395.
In basic technology, the term "prototype" refers to?
A
The final product after mass production
B
A preliminary model used to test a design
C
The raw material used in manufacturing
D
The cost estimate of a project
Correct Answer: B
A prototype is a preliminary model created to test and evaluate a design before final production.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1396.
Which of the following is a common safety precaution when using a drill?
A
Wearing a helmet only
B
Using the drill in a wet area
C
Securing the workpiece and wearing eye protection
D
Applying lubricant to the drill bit only
Correct Answer: C
Securing the workpiece and wearing eye protection helps prevent accidents when using a drill.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1397.
In the Nigerian Basic Technology curriculum, which of the following topics is covered under "Electronics"?
A
Solar panel installation
B
Basic circuit concepts
C
Textile weaving
D
Agricultural machinery
Correct Answer: B
Basic electronics includes learning about circuits, which is part of the curriculum.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1398.
Which material is best described as a composite made from a polymer matrix reinforced with glass fibers?
A
Wood
B
Steel
C
Fiberglass
D
Concrete
Correct Answer: C
Fiberglass is a composite of glass fibers embedded in a polymer, providing strength and lightness.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1399.
What is the primary function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A
Increase current flow
B
Reduce voltage
C
Protect against overcurrent by breaking the circuit
D
Store electrical energy
Correct Answer: C
A fuse protects the circuit by blowing (breaking) when current exceeds safe limits.
Junior Certificate Examination
Basic Technology
Q1400.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good design?
A
Functionality
B
Aesthetics
C
Expensiveness
D
Safety
Correct Answer: C
Good design values function, aesthetics, and safety, not necessarily high cost.